75Bot. complut. 43, 2019: 75-83 Botanica Complutensis ISSN-e: 1988-2874 http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/BOCM.64093 Approach to the mycological catalogue of the Dehesa of Somosierra and new records for the Community of Madrid (Spain) Borja Rodríguez de Francisco, Adrián Lázaro-Lobo & Jesús Palá-Paúl1 Fecha recibido: 10/04/2019 / Fecha aceptado: 11/09/2019 Abstract. An approach to the mycological catalogue of the Dehesa of Somosierra, in the northeast corner of the Com- munity of Madrid, has been carried out. The expeditions were accomplished from April 2013 to October 2015. A total of 96 species were identified belonging to 45 families and 18 orders. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that the species as Hyalorbilia inflatula, Panellus serotinus and Vibrissea filisporia f. boudieri have been cited in the Community of Madrid. Keywords: Mycology; diversity; Hyalorbilia inflatula; Panellus serotinus; Vibrissea filisporia f. boudieri. [es] Aproximación al catálogo micológico de la Dehesa de Somosierra y nuevas citas para la Comunidad de Madrid (España) Resumen. Con este trabajo presentamos la aproximación al catálogo micológico de la Dehesa de Somosierra, ubicada en la parte noreste de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se realizaron muestreos periódicos a lo largo del año desde abril de 2013 a octubre de 2015. Como resultado de los mismos se han identificado un total de 96 especies, correspondientes a 45 familias integradas en 18 órdenes. Hasta donde sabemos, es la primera vez que se citan para la Comunidad de Madrid las especies Hyalorbilia inflatula, Panellus serotinus y Vibrissea filisporia f. boudieri. Palabras clave: Micología; diversidad; Hyalorbilia inflatula; Panellus serotinus; Vibrissea filisporia f. boudieri. 1 Departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y Evolución (Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid Quibey@bio.ucm.es Borja Rodríguez de Francisco: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4778-313X Adrián Lázaro-Lobo: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0509-2085 Jesús Palá-Paúl: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6415-2295 ARTÍCULOS Introduction The Fungal Kingdom is one of the most di- verse group of organisms in the world. Last estimations suggest a number from 0.8 to 5.1 million species, although only 100.000 are named. The importance of this group in the world is extremely big: They are the basis of the trophic chains participating in soil carbon cycling, they are source of food and source of the most important antibiotics. Therefore, the mycological knowledge is of global interest (Tedersoo et al. 2014; Royal Botanic Gardens Kew: https://stateoftheworldsfungi.org/). As part of our research of the Dehesa of Somosierra (Lázaro-Lobo et al. 2017), an ap- proach to the mycological biodiversity of the Dehesa of Somosierra have been carried out. This zone is located in the northern area of the Community of Madrid (Spain), inside the Sistema Central mountain range with an ex- tension of 98 ha. The geology of this region is characterized by the presence of gneisses, mar- bles and schists, which confers acid properties to the substrate and determines the presence of a characteristic mycobiota (Díaz Martínez et al. 2012). Due to the orographic situation, it is located in a valley with abundant rainfall and an average height of 1450 m. It has a charac- teristic climate of the Atlantic area of Central Europe with an average annual temperature and precipitation of 8.6 °C and 588 mm, res- pectively (Climate-Data.org: Climate data for cities worldwide 2019). It should be noted the presence of trees of these climatic areas such as: Betula pendula subsp. fontqueri, Corylus https://stateoftheworldsfungi.org/ 76 Rodríguez de Francisco, B.; Lázaro-Lobo, A. & Palá-Paúl, J. Bot. complut. 43, 2019: 75-83 avellana or Quercus petraea. This type of climate, and therefore vegetation, makes the mycological richness different from other pla- ces of the Community of Madrid. The aim of this research is to contribute to the mycological knowledge of the Communi- ty of Madrid. In a previous study, Ruiz et al. (2013) found, in this area, the first locations of Coprinopsis xenobia for the Iberian Penin- sula. Therefore, because of this work and the absence of an intensive study of the mycolo- gical diversity of the Dehesa of Somosierra, we decided to choose this place for a deep study following the same strategy as in other Spanish regions (Moreno & López-González 1978, Campos et al. 2014, Ribes et al. 2016, Pancorbo et al. 2017). Materials and Methods Sample collections have been carried out within different expeditions during more than two years, from April 2013 to October 2015, along the different seasons of the year. All the specimens have been lodged at the Her- barium of the Faculty of Biology (MACB), Complutense University, Madrid (Spain) fo- llowing the same strategy described in Láza- ro-Lobo et al. (2017). Only species that have been clearly determined are presented in the study. Doubtfully determinations have been excluded in the final catalogue (Table 1). All the identified species have been cited accor- ding to the Index Fungorum website (www. indexfungorum.org/). Table 1.  Family, species name and herbarium number of the catalogue. PHYLLUM ASCOMYCOTA ORDEN CONOPHORALES Bertiaceae Bertia moriformis (Tode) De Not. MACB 109940 ORDEN HELOTIALES Hemiphacidiaceae Mitrula paludosa Fr. MACB 109977 Hyaloscyphaceae Brunnipila calyculiformis (Schumach.) Baral MACB 109943 Perrotia flammea (Alb. & Schwein.) Boud. MACB 109987 Rhytismataceae Propolis farinosa (Pers.) Fr. MACB 109997 Vibrisseaceae Vibrissea filisporia f. boudieri A. Sánchez & Korf MACB 110021 Vibrissea truncorum (Alb. & Schwein.) Fr. MACB 110022 ORDEN HYPOCREALES Hypocreaceae Hypomyces chrysospermus Tul. & C. Tul. MACB 109960 ORDEN ORBILIALES Orbiliaceae Hyalorbilia inflatula (P. Karst.) Baral & G. Marson MACB 109958 ORDEN PEZIZALES Ascobolaceae Ascobolus furfuraceus Pers. MACB 109938 Pezizaceae Adelphella babingtonii (Sacc.) Pfister, Matočec & I. Kušan MACB 109929 Peziza michelii (Boud.) Dennis MACB 109988 77Rodríguez de Francisco, B.; Lázaro-Lobo, A. & Palá-Paúl, J. Bot. complut. 43, 2019: 75-83 Pyronemataceae Cheilymenia stercorea (Pers.) Boud. MACB 109946 Trichophaea woolhopeia (Cooke & W. Phillips) Boud. MACB 110017 ORDEN XYLARIALES Diatrypaceae Diatrypella quercina (Pers.) Cooke MACB 109953 Hypoxylaceae Annulohypoxylon multiforme (Fr.) Y.M. Ju, J.D. Rogers & H.M. Hsieh MACB 109935 Hypoxylon fuscum (Pers.) Fr. MACB 109961 Xylariaceae Xylaria hypoxylon (L.) Grev. MACB 110024 PHYLLUM BASIDIOMYCOTA ORDEN AGARICALES Agaricaceae Agaricus litoralis (Wakef. & A. Pearson) Pilát MACB 109930 Bovista nigrescens Pers. MACB 109942 Lycoperdon pyriforme Schaeff. MACB 109974 Vascellum pratense (Pers.) Kreisel MACB 110019 Amanitaceae Amanita muscaria (L.) Lam. MACB 109933 Amanita rubescens Pers. MACB 109934 Cortinariaceae Cortinarius hemitrichus (Pers.) Fr. MACB 109950 Hydnangiaceae Laccaria amethystina Cooke MACB 109963 Laccaria laccata (Scop.) Cooke MACB 109964 Laccaria pumila Fayod MACB 109965 Laccaria tortilis (Bolton) Cooke MACB 109966 Hymenogastraceae Psilocybe montana (Pers.) P. Kumm MACB 110001 Psilocybe subcoprophila (Britzelm.) Sacc. MACB 110002 Incertae sedis Panaeolus papilionaceus (Bull.) Quél. MACB 109980 Panaeolus semiovatus (Sowerby) S. Lundell & Nannf. MACB 109981 Inocybaceae Inocybe geophylla (Bull.) P. Kumm. MACB 109962 Simocybe haustellaris (Fr.) Walting MACB 110009 Marasmiaceae Crinipellis scabella (Alb. & Schwein.) Murrill MACB 109951 Marasmius epiphyllus (Pers.) Fr. MACB 109975 Marasmius oreades (Bolton) Fr. MACB 109976 Mycenaceae Mycena galericulata (Scop.) Gray MACB 109978 Mycena pura (Pers.) P. Kumm. MACB 109979 Panellus serotinus (Pers.) Kühner MACB 109982 Panellus stipticus (Bull.) P. Karst. MACB 109983 78 Rodríguez de Francisco, B.; Lázaro-Lobo, A. & Palá-Paúl, J. Bot. complut. 43, 2019: 75-83 Omphalotaceae Gymnopus aquosus (Bull.) Antonín & Noordel. MACB 109955 Salacriaceae Armillaria mellea (Vahl) P. Kumm. MACB 109936 Flammulina velutipes (Curtis) Singer MACB 109954 Pluteaceae Pluteus phlebophorus (Ditmar) P. Kumm. MACB 109993 Psathyrellaceae Coprinellus brevisetulosus (Arnolds) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo MACB 109948 Coprinellus domesticus (Bolton) Vilgalys, Hopple & Jacq. Johnson MACB 109949 Parasola plicatilis (Curtis) Redheah, Vilgalys & Hopple MACB 109984 Psathyrella spadiceogrisea (Schaeff.) Maire MACB 109999 Strophariaceae Agrocybe praecox (Pers.) Fayod MACB 109931 Agrocybe vervacti (Fr.) Singer MACB 109932 Cyclocybe aegerita (V. Brig.) Vizzini MACB 109952 Pholiota squarrosa (Vahl) P. Kumm. MACB 109989 Protostropharia semiglobata (Batsch) Redhead, Moncalvo & Vilgalys MACB 109998 Tricholomataceae Arrhenia griseopallida (Desm.) Watling MACB 109937 Clitocybe odora (Bull.) P. Kumm. MACB 109947 Tricholoma sejunctum (Sowerby) Quél. MACB 110015 Tricholoma sulphureum (Bull.) P. Kumm. MACB 110016 ORDEN AURICULARIALES Auriculariaceae Auricularia mesenterica (Dicks.) Pers. MACB 109939 ORDEN BOLETALES Boletaceae Boletus edulis Bull. MACB 109941 Chalciporus piperatus (Bull.) Bataille MACB 109945 Leccinum variicolor Watling MACB 109972 Porphyrellus porphyrosporus (Fr. & Hök) E.-J. Gilbert MACB 109995 Paxillaceae Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. MACB 109985 ORDEN CANTHARELLALES Botryobasidiaceae Haplotrichum conspersum (Link) Hol.-Jech. MACB 109957 Cantharellaceae Cantharellus cibarius Fr. MACB 109944 Pseudocraterellus undulatus (Pers.) Rauschert MACB 110000 ORDEN CORTICIALES Corticiaceae Vuilleminia comedens (Ness) Maire MACB 110020 ORDEN GEASTRALES Geastraceae Sphaerobolus stellatus Tode MACB 110010 79Rodríguez de Francisco, B.; Lázaro-Lobo, A. & Palá-Paúl, J. Bot. complut. 43, 2019: 75-83 ORDEN HYMENOCHAETALES Hymenochaetaceae Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lev. MACB 109959 Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quél. MACB 109991 Repetobasidiaceae Rickenella fibula (Bull.) Raithelh. MACB 110004 Rickenella swartzii (Fr.) Kuyper MACB 110005 ORDEN POLYPORALES Fomitopsidaceae Piptoporus betulinus (Bull.) P. Karst. MACB 109992 Postia subcaesia (A. David) Jülich MACB 109996 Polyporaceae Lopharia spadicea (Pers.) Boidin MACB 109973 Polyporus arcularius (Batsch) Fr. MACB 109994 Trametes ochracea (Pers.) Gilb. & Ryvarden MACB 110013 Xenasmataceae Xenasmatella vaga (Fr.) Stalpers MACB 110023 ORDEN PUCCINIALES\ Pucciniaceae Gymnosporangium clavariiforme (Wulfen) DC. MACB 109956 Puccinia asphodeli Moug. MACB 110003 Uromyces ficariae (Schumach.) Lev. MACB 110018 Phragmidiaceae Phragmidium mucronatum (Pers.) Schltdl. MACB 109990 ORDEN RUSSULALES Peniophoraceae Peniophora quercina (Pers.) Cooke MACB 109986 Russulaceae Lactarius aurantiacus (Pers.) Gray MACB 109967 Lactarius glyciosmus (Fr.) Fr. MACB 109968 Lactarius lacunarum Romagn. ex Hora MACB 109969 Lactarius pyrogalus (Bull.) Fr. MACB 109970 Lactarius turpis (Weinm.) Fr. MACB 109971 Russula gracillima Jul. Schäff. MACB 110006 Russula risigallina (Batsch) Sacc. MACB 110007 Stereaceae Stereum hirsutum (Willd.) Pers. MACB 110011 Stereum rugosum Pers. MACB 110012 ORDEN SEBACINALES Sebacinaceae Sebacina grisea Bres. MACB 110008 ORDEN TREMELLALES Tremellaceae Tremella mesenterica Retz. MACB 110014 80 Rodríguez de Francisco, B.; Lázaro-Lobo, A. & Palá-Paúl, J. Bot. complut. 43, 2019: 75-83 Macroscopic studies have been performed with descriptions of the specimens regarding size, colour, taste or smell. Tests with diffe- rent chemical compounds such as Fe2SO4, Guaiac or KOH 5% (m/v) have been done when the correct identification of the species required them. For the microscopic study, an optical microscope OPTIKA B-353 PL has been used. In most cases fresh material has been examined. In the case of dehydrated material, the samples have been rehydrated previously in KOH 5% (m/v). Different dyes have been applied in the microscopic prepa- rations: Congo Red, IKI reagement, cresyl blue or fenicade fuchsine. Microscopic mea- surements were performed with the software Piximètre (Henriot & Cheype 2016). A voucher of each identified species has been lodged at MACB Herbarium as it has above mentioned. Results and Discussion Along different expeditions, 96 species belon- ging to 45 families and 18 orders have been collected and identified (Table 1). All the spe- cies belong to the two big phyla of higher fun- gi Basidiomycota and Ascomycota (figure 1). The absence of representatives of other phyla such as Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, or Chrytridiomycota is due mainly to the fact that most of the fungi that have epigeous and visi- ble fruiting bodies belong to these two phyla (Blackwell et al. 2012). According to our re- sults, the phyllum Basidiomycota is the most represented, perhaps for the same reason. Even though within Ascomycota and Basidiomycota the distribution of taxonomic groups is simi- lar, based on the data collected in this study (Figure 1). It should be noted that all genera within the phyla Ascomycota are represented just by one species, except Vibrissea, a genus linked to very humid areas. On the other hand, within Basidiomycota, we found two very well represented genera, Laccaria and Lacta- rius. The species of both genera are mycorrhi- zal and tend to have a predilection for humid places, as quagmires. However, genera that were abundant in similar works, for example, Boletus, Amanita or Cortinarius, are not well represented in the studied area (Campos et al. 2014, Pancorbo et al. 2017). This richness of species from different taxonomic groups could be explained by the presence of a varied vegetation as well as by the climatology. There are several plants that reflect the presence of certain associated mycorrhizal fungi. It should be noted, the existence of Betula pendula subsp. fontqueri, as it is the largest concentration of birches in the Community of Madrid. We found exclusive species linked to these trees, such as Lactarius glyciosmus, Lactarius turpis, Leccinum variicolor or Piptoporus betulinus (birch parasitic). Furthermore, the presence of birch trees is highly related to the existence of almost constant water flows, specifically, in the Dehesa of Somosierra. Those trees can be found in areas of quagmires that have water even in the driest months of the year. These microhabitats harbor species as Adelphella babingtonii, Mitrula paludosa or Rickenella fibula. However, most of the species identified in this work, have not been mentioned in a previous work focused on birches of other areas of Madrid (Moreno & López-González, 1978). Only 9 of the 29 species cited appear in our study area (Amanita muscaria, Amanita rubescens, Armillaria mellea, Inocybe geophylla, Lactarius glyciosmus, Paxillus involutus, Pholiota squarrosa and Piptoporus betulinus). During our herborizations and for the best of our knowledge three species had been gathered for the first time in the Com- munity of Madrid (Figure 2). These species are Hyalorbilia inflatula, a very small spe- cies (2-3 mm diameter) characterized by its cylindrical spores narrower than 1.2 μm. It is widespread in Europe and present in Jaen, Barcelona, Canary Islands and Basque Cou- ntry (Quijada et al. 2015). Another species is Vibrissea filisporia f. boudieri, a rare form characterized by its long spores, measuring between 200 and 300 µm, and by the pre- sence of more than 15 septa in each spore (Sanchez 1967). In this collection, the spo- res were 230 × 2.5 µm long on average and had more than 20 septa. Finally, Panellus serotinus, a species well characterized ma- croscopically, is an uncommon species cited widely in the northern area of Spain with a preference for beeches, although in this case it has been found growing on Betula pendula subsp. fontqueri (Moreno & García Manjón 2010, Moreno et al. 1986, Esteve-Raventós et al. 2007). Maybe, this is the reason why it has not been cited previously in the Com- munity of Madrid. The closest report for 81Rodríguez de Francisco, B.; Lázaro-Lobo, A. & Palá-Paúl, J. Bot. complut. 43, 2019: 75-83 this species corresponds to the province of Segovia on Fagus sylvatica (García Blanco, Sanz Carazo & Del Val, 31-oct-1994, MA- Fungi 54233). The presence of these species in this area is due to its special climatic and geomorphology characteristics. Although it corresponds to the Mediterranean biogeo- graphic region, the high rain and humidity allow the presence of Eurosiberian elements (Worldwide Bioclimatic Classification Sys- tem 1996-2019). That could explain the existence of their associated fungal species. Figure 1.  Mycological richness of Dehesa de Somosierra by taxonomic groups. Figure 2.  a) Panellus serotinus (MACB 109982), b) Hyalorbilia inflatula (MACB 109958) and c) Vibrissea filisporia f. boudieri (MACB 110021). The scale bars correspond to 4 cm in image a and to 5 mm in b and c. 82 Rodríguez de Francisco, B.; Lázaro-Lobo, A. & Palá-Paúl, J. Bot. complut. 43, 2019: 75-83 The study shows a rich abundance of species but there are quite a few genera not well repre- sented. To increase the number of records, it is essential to continue exploring this area since, given its climatological and floristic characte- ristics, very interesting fungal species could be found. It is also worth noting that Hyalorbilia inflatula, Panellus serotinus and Vibrissea filis- poria f. boudieri have been reported for the first time in the Community of Madrid province. 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