Person:
Martín Perea, David Manuel

First Name

David Manuel

Last Name

Martín Perea

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/87158

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 29

Coprolites in natural traps: direct evidence of bone-eating carnivorans from the Late Miocene Batallones-3 site, Madrid, Spain
(Lethaia, 2021) Abella, Juan; Martín Perea, David Manuel; Valenciano, Alberto; Hontecillas Tamayo, Daniel; Montoya, Plini; Morales, Jorge
We describe two carnivoran coprolites found in the pseudokarst natural carnivore trap of Batallones-3, from the Late Miocene of Spain. The larger one, comprising multiple indistinguishable fragments of broken and corroded bones, indicates that the producer of the dropping might have been highly capable of crushing the softer parts of large bones. On the other hand, the smaller one shows several relatively larger and more complete bone fragments, thus exhibiting a greater capacity to break and swallow large portions of bone. The external morphology of the large coprolite is similar to that of extant bears, whereas the smaller one more closely resembles that of the living insectivorous hyaenid Proteles in morphology, on the one hand, and that of the viverrid Genetta in size, on the other hand. We hypothesize that the amphicyonid Magerycion anceps was the producer of the large coprolite and the jackal-sized basal hyaenid Protictitherium crassum excreted the smaller one. Thus, we present the first direct evidence of a bone durophagous diet in the carnivorans of Batallones.
Taphonomic analysis of Batallones-10, a Late Miocene drought-induced mammalian assemblage (Madrid basin, Spain) within the Cerro de los Batallones complex
(Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology, 2021) Martín Perea, David Manuel; Morales Romero, Jorge; Cantero, Enrique; Courtenay, Lloyd A.; Hernández Fernández, Manuel; Domingo Martínez, María Soledad
The Late Miocene Batallones-10 site (Madrid Basin, Spain) contains several authochthonous multitaxic assemblages. A total of 15 large-mammal species are documented, including hipparionine horses (Hipparion sp.), giraffes (Decennatherium rex) and moschids. Three discrete fossiliferous levels have been identified with the aid of artificial intelligence systems. Although there are some statistical differences in the faunal composition of each level, paleontological, geologic and taphonomic data from all three Batallones-10 levels point to similar taphonomic histories. Mortality data, with abundant young individuals and the presence of pregnant females, indicates a catastrophic process of bone accumulation mainly driven by prolonged drought. Relatively high proportions of partially preserved or fully-articulated skeletons, and absence of carnivore feeding marks on bones, suggest that carcasses were undisturbed by predation. Rapid desiccation of soft tissues kept many of the joints intact, resulting in a high proportion of articulated remains. During drought episodes, large mammalian herbivores congregated around a shrinking water-hole, depleting the local vegetation, such that weakened individuals died of starvation and miring rather than dehydration. When rainfall resumed, the lack of vegetation and presence of low-permeability surficial sepiolite-rich marls, resulted in rapid run-off. This buried most of the unweathered, unabraded remains, whilst slightly orienting or completely removing others. After burial, faulting and slickensides produced diagenetic fractures, which favoured the precipitation of manganese oxides on bone surfaces and the diagenetic corrosion of remains, which is more pronounced in the uppermost Level III. This work, which focuses on the taphonomy of a herbivore-dominated site, improves our overall knowledge of the formation of the Cerro de los Batallones palaeontological complex.
Tafonomía de los yacimientos paleontológicos de Batallones-3 y Batallones-10 (Vallesiense Superior, Madrid, España)
(2022) Martín Perea, David Manuel; Domingo Martínez, María Soledad; Morales Romero, Jorge
El complejo paleontológico del Cerro de los Batallones está situado a 30 km al sur de Madrid (España). El cerro contiene un total de nueve yacimientos paleontológicos vallesienses (Mioceno Superior), hospedados en unas cavidades con una apertura en la zona superior formadas por procesos de piping. Las partes inferiores de estas cavidades están dominadas por restos fósiles de carnívoros, mientras que las superiores contienen asociaciones más típicas, dominadas por restos de herbívoros. Batallones-3 corresponde a la parte inferior, dominada por carnívoros. En cambio, Batallones-10 corresponde a la parte superior de la cavidad, dominada por restos de herbívoros.Batallones-3 fue excavado entre 2001 y 2017. La excavación de Batallones-10 empezó en 2007 y sigue en proceso a día de hoy. Los yacimientos han sido excavados siguiendo protocolos estándar de excavación y documentando en detalle la extracción de restos. Los datos recogidos en campo incluyen, entre otros, la identificación taxonómica y anatómica del resto, los datos espaciales (coordenadas x, y y z) y la dirección y el buzamiento de restos alargados...
A step back to move forward: a geological re-evaluation of the El Castillo Cave Middle Palaeolithic lithostratigraphic units (Cantabria, northern Iberia)
(Journal of Quaternary Science, 2022) Martín Perea, David Manuel; Maíllo Fernández, José Manuel; Marín, Juan; Arroyo Rey, Xabier; Asiaín Román, Raquel
El Castillo Cave is one of the most important sites for understanding the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic in Europe. Despite its importance, the absence of a widely used stratigraphic section with detailed lithostratigraphic descriptions and correlations between the different geological and archaeological interpretations has led to confusion in the correct identification of lithostratigraphic units in the lowermost, Middle Palaeolithic sequence. This study establishes a new lithostratigraphic framework for the site, which can be accurately correlated to previous geological and archaeological studies and generates a solid working basis for framing the Mousterian of El Castillo Cave in the Cantabrian region and southwestern Europe. The geological re-evaluation of Unit XX (‘Mousterian Alpha’) has expanded its chronology, now ranging from 49 130–43 260 cal bp to 70 400 ± 9600 bp. Unit XXII (‘Mousterian Bet’) would consequently yield an age older than 70 400 ± 9600 bp and younger than the underlying speleothem (Unit XXIIIb), dated to 89 000 +11 000/-10 000 bp.
Intra-site spatial approaches based on taphonomic analyses to characterize assemblage formation at Pleistocene sites: a case study from Buena Pinta Cave (Pinilla del Valle, Madrid, Spain)
(Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 2023) Mielgo, Clara; Huguet Pamiès, Rosa; Laplana Conesa, César; Martín Perea, David Manuel; Moclán, Abel; Márquez, Belén; arsuaga; Arsuaga Ferreras, Juan Luis; Pérez González, Alfredo José; Baquedano, Enrique
Buena Pinta Cave (Pinilla del Valle, Madrid) has been interpreted as a hyena den with sporadic occupations of Homo neanderthalensis in the western part of the site (level 23). In order to identify the different formation processes in this area of the site, spatial analyses have been carried out with GIS and spatial statistics based on the taphonomic analysis of the faunal remains. Based on the vertical and sectional analyses of the assemblage, it has been possible to determine that level 23 actually corresponds to three archaeological levels with well-differentiated characteristics: a lower level with few faunal remains and fossil-diagenetic alterations related to humid environments associated with clays; an intermediate level with a high percentage of remains with water-related modifications and evidences of transport; and an upper level delimited mainly thanks to by a paraconformity evidenced by the concentration of weathered remains in this area and a significant reduction in remains with water-related alterations above. The results obtained show the necessity to redefine field layers and the usefulness of integrating taphonomic data and spatial studies.
Sedimentological evolution of the Quibas site: High-resolution glacial/interglacial dynamics in a terrestrial pre-Jaramillo to post-Jaramillo sequence from southern Iberian Peninsula
(2024) Laborda López, Casto; Martín Perea, David Manuel; Del Castillo, Elia; Alías Linares, M. Asunción; Iannicelli, Claudia; Pal, Shubham; Arroyo, Xabier; Agustí, Jordi; Piñero, Pedro
The sedimentary infill of the Quibas karstic site (Early Pleistocene, southern Spain) represents the only continuous succession with remains of continental vertebrates in Europe from pre-Jaramillo to post-Jaramillo age. The Quibas site, with a significant paleontological record, is dated between 1.1 and 0.9 Ma and offers a unique opportunity to carry out a paleoclimatic reconstruction of the time period immediately after the arrival of the first humans to western Europe. For this reason, defining the dominant sedimentary processes in the different stratigraphic units and the associated paleoenvironment is essential. The Quibas site is made up of two karstic features with two stratigraphic sequences: Quibas-Cueva, containing six lithostratigraphic units, and Quibas-Sima, which contains seven lithostratigraphic units. The detailed description and analyses of the stratigraphic sections have allowed the characterization of various autochthonous and allochthonous facies of cave deposits. Paleoclimatic proxies, inferred from sedimentological analyses, reveal a record of several alternating humid and arid phases resulting from the Early Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles, allowing correlation to the marine oxygen isotope record. The lowermost units (pre-Jaramillo) were deposited during a long-lasting interglacial, correlated to MIS 33–31. It was followed by an increase in aridity in the intermediate units of Quibas-Sima and uppermost unit of Quibas-Cueva (Jaramillo), revealing the beginning of a glacial period at the start of the Jaramillo subchron (1 Ma), which can be correlated to MIS 30. The upper Jaramillo and post-Jaramillo units suggest these were deposited in alternating periods of aridity and humid conditions, although less humid than the pre-Jaramillo period, probably representing the MIS 29 interglacial, the MIS 28 glacial and the MIS 27 interglacial.
Diseño universal y materiales multisensoriales en las actividades de divulgación de Geodivulgar con la asociación Ciencia sin Barreras
(Geotemas, 2016) Fesharaki, Omid; García Frank, Alejandra; Iglesias Álvarez, Núria; Gómez Heras, Miguel; Martín Perea, David Manuel; Rico Arjona, Rocío
Se muestran las actividades realizadas por el equipo multidisciplinar del Proyecto Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad con la asociación Ciencia sin Barreras entre el 2013 y la actualidad. Se describen las actividades en dos grandes líneas de trabajo, aquellas dirigidas a la divulgación y las que están pensadas para la autoformación, la difusión o la visibilización de nuestras actividades. Se destacan especialmente los aspectos relacionados con la preparación de materiales didácticos multisensoriales y con un diseño universal, ya que gran parte de la labor desarrollada por estos proyectos está destinada a público con diversidad funcional. La trayectoria del equipo permite ver que hay una demanda creciente en las actividades ofertadas y un reconocimiento de esta labor en forma de premios y menciones a nivel nacional e internacional.
A new assemblage of late Neanderthal remains from Cova Simanya (NE Iberia)
(Frontiers in Earth Science, 2023) Morales, Juan I.; Cebrià, Artur; Soto, María; Rodríguez Hidalgo, Antonio; Hernando, Raquel; Moreno Ribas, Elena; Lombao, Diego; Rabuñal, José R.; Martín Perea, David Manuel; García Tabernero, Antonio; Allué, Ethel; García Basanta, Andrea; Lizano, Esther; Marquès Bonet, Tomàs; Talamo, Sahra; Tassoni, Laura; Lalueza Fox, Carles; Fullola, Josep María; Rosas González, Antonio
This study presents an exceptional collection of 54 Late Pleistocene human remains that correspond to at least three Neanderthal individuals from Simanya Gran, the main gallery of Cova Simanya, located in the northeastern Iberian Peninsula. The collection comprised 53 unpublished remains that were unearthed during the 1970s and an additional tooth discovered during 2021 excavations. The specimens represent an adult with a small stature, a periadolescent aged approximately 11.5 years, and an immature individual aged approximately 7.7 years, thus offering a more complete demographic perspective. The collection encompasses diverse anatomical parts including upper and lower dentition, mandible, vertebrae, and limb bones from both the upper and lower extremities. Attempts to extract aDNA were unsuccessful. Renewed archaeological investigations at Cova Simanya have facilitated the reevaluation of the original stratigraphic context of these remains, leading to the discovery of the additional tooth, aligning with the periadolescent individual. This assemblage is currently the most extensive Neanderthal collection from the northeastern Mediterranean Iberia, offering invaluable insights into the morphology and evolutionary trajectory of Late Pleistocene hominins. Hence, Simanya Neanderthals will enhance our understanding of Neanderthal demographics and evolution, paving the way for an in-depth examination of the morphological diversity and evolutionary context of Iberian Neanderthals.
First Radiological Study of a Complete Dental Ontogeny Sequence of an Extinct Equid: Implications for Equidae Life History and Taphonomy
(Scientific Reports, 2018) Domingo Martínez, María Soledad; Cantero, Enrique; García Real, María Isabel; Chamorro Sancho, Manuel J.; Martín Perea, David Manuel; Alberdi, María Teresa; Morales, Jorge
The sequence of cheek teeth mineralization, eruption, and replacement of an extinct horse species is here documented with radiological techniques for the first time thanks to the exceptional preservation of Hipparion sp. mandibles from Cerro de los Batallones (Madrid Basin, Spain). The sequence of dental ontogeny in mammals provides valuable insights about life history traits, such as the pace of growth, and about the mode of formation of fossiliferous assemblages. We have determined that the order of permanent cheek teeth mineralization and eruption of hipparionine horses is m1, m2, (p2, p3), p4, m3. Cheek teeth mineralization timing of hipparionine horses coincides with the one observed in modern equids. In turn, there are differences in the eruption timing of the p4 and m3 between horses belonging to the Anchitheriinae and Hipparionini compared to equids of the Equus genus that might be related to the shorter durability of the deciduous tooth dp4 in anchitheriine and hipparionine horses and, more broadly, to an increased durability of equid teeth through their evolutionary history. Based on the dental eruption sequence, hipparionine horses are slow-growing, long-living mammals. The Hipparion sp. assemblage from Batallones-10 conforms to an attritional model, as individuals more vulnerable to natural mortality predominate.
DigApp and TaphonomApp: Two new open-access palaeontological and archaeological mobile apps
(Palaeontologia electronica, 2020) Martín Perea, David Manuel; Abrunhosa, Ana; Domingo Martínez, María Soledad; Cantero, Enrique; Menéndez González, Iris; Blanco, Fernando; Carro Rodríguez, Patricia María; Domingo Martínez, Laura; Hernández Fernández, Manuel; Morales, Jorge
Two new paleontological and archaeological Android applications, DigApp and TaphonomApp, are presented in this manuscript. DigApp is intended to aid data collection, storage and management in archaeological and palaeontological excavations. DigApp allows easily recording of common field information such as spatial data and fossil identification data. Online and offline versions of DigApp were developed to fit all needs, and they can be modified according to the excavation particularities. TaphonomApp was created in order to assist taphonomists while carrying out detailed taphonomical evaluations both in the field and in the laboratory, making data collection quicker, homogeneous and overall, more efficient. DigApp and TaphonomApp are free, open-access and flexible software, that can be easily modified by any user (without the need of expertise in computing or coding) as explained in this paper. An in-depth guide on how to modify the apps is provided within this paper. DigApp and TaphonomApp have been used during palaeontological excavations carried out at one of the Batallones Butte vertebrate sites (Batallones-10, Middle Miocene) in the Madrid basin (Spain).