RT Journal Article T1 Comparison of Two Approaches for the Metataxonomic Analysis of the Human Milk Microbiome A1 Ruiz, Lorena A1 Alba Rubio, Claudio A1 García-Carral, Cristina A1 Jiménez Quintana, Esther Antonia A1 Lackey, Kimberly A. A1 McGuire, Michelle K. A1 Meehan, Courtney L. A1 Foster, James A1 Sellen, Daniel W. A1 Kamau-Mbuthia, Elizabeth W. A1 Kamundia, Egidioh W. A1 Mbugua, Samwel A1 Moore, Sophie E. A1 Prentice, Andrew M. A1 Gindola K, Debela A1 Otoo, Gloria E. A1 Pareja, Rossina G. A1 Bode, Lars A1 McGuire, Mark A. A1 Williams, Janet E. A1 Rodríguez Gómez, Juan Miguel AB Recent work has demonstrated the existence of large inter-individual and inter-population variability in the microbiota of human milk from healthy women living across variable geographical and socio-cultural settings. However, no studies have evaluated the impact that variable sequencing approaches targeting different 16S rRNA variable regions may have on the human milk microbiota profiling results. This hampers our ability to make meaningful comparisons across studies. In this context, the main purpose of the present study was to re-process and re-sequence the microbiome in a large set of human milk samples (n = 412) collected from healthy women living at diverse international sites (Spain, Sweden, Peru, United States, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana and Kenya), by targeting a different 16S rRNA variable region and reaching a larger sequencing depth. Despite some differences between the results obtained from both sequencing approaches were notable (especially regarding alpha and beta diversities and Proteobacteria representation), results indicate that both sequencing approaches revealed a relatively consistent microbiota configurations in the studied cohorts. Our data expand upon the milk microbiota results we previously reported from the INSPIRE cohort and provide, for the first time across globally diverse populations, evidence of the impact that different DNA processing and sequencing approaches have on the microbiota profiles obtained for human milk samples. Overall, our results corroborate some similarities regarding the microbial communities previously reported for the INSPIRE cohort, but some differences were also detected. Understanding the impact of different sequencing approaches on human milk microbiota profiles is essential to enable meaningful comparisons across studies. PB Frontiers Media SN 2235-2988 YR 2021 FD 2021-03-25 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/101046 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/101046 LA eng NO RuizL,AlbaC,Garcı ´a-CarralC, Jime ´nezEA,LackeyKA,McGuireMK, MeehanCL,FosterJ,SellenDW, Kamau-MbuthiaEW,KamundiaEW, MbuguaS,MooreSE,PrenticeAM, GindolaKD,OtooGE,ParejaRG, BodeL,McGuireMA,WilliamsJE andRodrı ´guezJM(2021) ComparisonofTwoApproaches for theMetataxonomic Analysisof theHuman MilkMicrobiome. Front.Cell.Infect.Microbiol.11:622550. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.622550 NO Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (AGL2013-4190-P) NO Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación - RTI2018-095021-J-I00 NO National Science Foundation (award 36 #1344288) DS Docta Complutense RD 15 feb 2026