RT Journal Article T1 International and national R&D outsourcing:Complements or substitutes as determinants of innovation? A1 García Vega, María A1 Huergo Orejas, Elena AB We study the impact of international R&D outsourcing on the probability of innovating. We find that this influence is positive, particularly for exporters. We show thatinternational and national outsourcing are substitutes as determinants of process innovation in low-tech and medium low-tech sectors. YR 2010 FD 2010 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/41745 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/41745 LA spa NO JEL classification: L25; O32. DS Docta Complutense RD 7 abr 2025