RT Journal Article
T1 Beyond the accuracy gap in self-assessment: exploring reasons for (in)accuracy and the role of individual differences
A1 Pinedo, Leire
A1 Panadero, Ernesto
A1 Fernández-Ruiz, Javier
A1 García Pérez, Daniel
AB This study undertakes a dual exploration, examining the effects of individual differences on self-assessment accuracy, and students’ perspectives on the reasons for their inaccuracies. A total of 112 psychology students self-scored an essay, then received the instructor’s score and were interviewed. Results revealed: (1) a weak positive correlation between self- and instructor scores, with most students slightly underestimating; (2) a significant effect of essay score on accuracy, as higher achievers tended to underestimate and lower achievers to overestimate; (3) a small but significant effect of learning-oriented self-regulation on accuracy, with higher scorers tending to underestimate; (4) inaccuracies were rarely attributed to assessment criteria but instead reflected internal perceptions; (5) high achievers justified underestimation through pessimistic self-perceptions, whereas low achievers explained overestimation through optimism and overconfidence. The findings reveal that self-assessment is as much an affective process as it is a cognitive skill.
PB Routledge - Taylor and Francis
SN 1465-329X
YR 2025
FD 2025-07-04
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/132297
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/132297
LA eng
NO Pinedo, L., Panadero, E., Fernández-Ruiz, J., & García-Pérez, D. (2025). Beyond the Accuracy Gap in Self-assessment: Exploring Reasons for (In)Accuracy and the Role of Individual Differences. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 32(4), 462–484. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969594X.2025.2565384
NO Spanish Ministry of Universities (Ministerio de Universidades) National FPU Call (Formaci\u00F3n de Profesorado Universitario), personal grant, reference: [FPU19/04661]. Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Ministerio de Econom\u00EDa y Competitividad) National I+D Call (Convocatoria Excelencia) project reference [EDU2016-79714-P]. Spanish National R+D call from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00F3n y Universidades (Generaci\u00F3n del conocimiento 2020), Reference number: [PID2019-108982GB-I00]. Basque Government Call for Grants to support the activities of research groups of the Basque University System (2022\u20132025) project reference: IT1624-22.Referencias bibliográficas:•	Alonso-Tapia, J., Panadero, E., & Ruiz, M. A. D., (2014). Development and validity of the emotion and motivation self-regulation questionnaire (EMSR-Q). The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 17, E55. https://doi.org/10.1017/sjp.2014.41•	Andrade, H. G., (2001). 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NO Spanish Ministry of Universities (Ministerio de Universidades)
NO National FPU Call (Formación de Profesorado Universitario)
NO Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad)
NO Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Spain)
NO Basque University System
DS Docta Complutense
RD 25 mar 2026