RT Journal Article T1 Gut microbiota and neuroplasticity A1 Murciano Brea, Julia A1 García Montes, Martín A1 Geuna, Stefano A1 Herrera Rincón, Celia AB The accumulating evidence linking bacteria in the gut and neurons in the brain (the microbiota–gut–brain axis) has led to a paradigm shift in the neurosciences. Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms supporting the relevance of actions mediated by the gut microbiota for brain physiology and neuronal functioning is a key research area. In this review, we discuss the literature showing how the microbiota is emerging as a key regulator of the brain’s function and behavior, as increasing amounts of evidence on the importance of the bidirectional communication between the intestinal bacteria and the brain have accumulated. Based on recent discoveries, we suggest that the interaction between diet and the gut microbiota, which might ultimately affect the brain, represents an unprecedented stimulus for conducting new research that links food and mood. We also review the limited work in the clinical arena to date, and we propose novel approaches for deciphering the gut microbiota–brain axis and, eventually, for manipulating this relationship to boost mental wellness. PB MDPI SN 2073-4409 YR 2021 FD 2021-08-13 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/4702 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/4702 LA eng NO Templeton World Charity Foundation DS Docta Complutense RD 9 abr 2025