%0 Journal Article
%A Lampón, M.
%A López-Puertas, M.
%A Czesla, S.
%A Sánchez-López, A.
%A Lara, L. M.
%A Salz, M.
%A Sanz-Forcada, J.
%A Molaverdikhani, K.
%A Quirrenbach, A.
%A Pallé, E.
%A Caballero, J. A.
%A Henning, Th.
%A Nortmann, L.
%A Amado, P. J.
%A Montes Gutiérrez, David
%A Reiners, A.
%A Ribas, I.
%T Evidence of energy-, recombination-, and photon-limited escape regimes in giant planet H/He atmospheres
%D 2021
%@ 0004-6361
%U https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8188
%X Hydrodynamic escape is the most efficient atmospheric mechanism of planetary mass loss and has a large impact on planetary evolution. Three hydrodynamic escape regimes have been identified theoretically: energy-limited, recombination-limited, and photonlimited. However, no evidence of these regimes had been reported until now. Here, we report evidence of these three regimes via an analysis of a helium I triplet at 10 830 Å and Lyα absorption involving a 1D hydrodynamic model that allows us to estimate hydrogen recombination and advection rates. In particular, we show that HD 209458 b is in the energy-limited regime, HD 189733 b is in the recombination-limited regime, and GJ 3470 b is in the photon-limited regime. These exoplanets can be considered as benchmark cases for their respective regimes.
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