RT Journal Article T1 Ciliates — Protists with complex morphologies and ambiguousearly fossil record A1 Dunthorn, Micah A1 Lipps, Jere H. A1 Dolan, John R. A1 Abboud-Abi Saab, Marie A1 Aescht, Erna A1 Bachy, Charles A1 Barría de Cao, María Sonia A1 Berger, Helmut A1 Bourland, William A. A1 Choi, Joong Ki A1 Clamp, John A1 Doherty, Mary A1 Gao, Feng A1 Gentekaki, Eleni A1 Gong, Jun A1 Hu, Xiaozhong A1 Huang, Jie A1 Kamiyama, Takashi A1 Johnson, Matthew D. A1 Kammerlander, Barbara A1 Kim, Sun Young A1 Kim, Young-Ok A1 la Terza, Antonietta A1 Laval-Peuto, Michèle A1 Lipscomb, Diana A1 Lobban, Christopher S. A1 Long, Hongan A1 Luporini, Pierangelo A1 Lynn, Denis H. A1 Macek, Miroslav A1 Mansergh, Robert I. A1 Martín Cereceda, María Mercedes A1 McManus, George G. A1 Montagnes, David J.S. A1 Ong'ondo, Geoffrey O. A1 Patterson, David J. A1 Pérez Uz, Blanca A1 Quintela Alonso, Pablo A1 Stoecker, Diane K. A1 Strüder-Kypke, Michaela C. A1 Trautmann, Isabelle A1 Utz, Laura R.P. A1 Vallesi, Adriana A1 Vd'ačný, Peter A1 Warren, Alan A1 Weisse, Thomas A1 Wickham, Stephen A. A1 Yi, Zhenzhen A1 Zhang, Wuchang A1 Zhan, Zifeng A1 Zufall, Rebecca A1 Agatha, Sabine AB Since ciliates rarely possess structures that easily fossilize, we are limited in our ability to use paleontological studies to reconstruct the early evolution of this large and ecologically important clade of protists. Tintinnids, a group of loricate (house-forming) planktonic ciliates, are the only group that has a significant fossil record. Putative tintinnid fossils from rocks older than Jurassic, however, possess few to no characters that can be found in extant ciliates; these fossils are best described as ‘incertae sedis eukaryotes’. Here, we review the Devonian fossil Nassacysta reticulata and propose that it is likewise another incertae sedis eukaryote due to the lack of any unambiguous ciliate characters. Future tintinnid fossil descriptions would be most helpful if: (i) neutral terminology is used in the descriptions but ciliate-specific terminology in the interpretations; (ii) the current ciliate classification is used, although fossil data may expand or modify classifications based on modern forms; (iii) close collaboration with specialists studying extant ciliates is done; and (iv) editors include an expert of extant ciliates in the review process. PB Elsevier SN 0377-8398 YR 2015 FD 2015-09 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/23280 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/23280 LA eng NO Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft NO National Science Foundation DS Docta Complutense RD 10 abr 2025