RT Journal Article T1 Systematic Review of the Ovitrap Surveillance of Aedes Mosquitoes in Brazil (2012–2022) A1 Fernandes Silva Chagas do Nascimento, Raquel A1 da Silva Xavier, Alexandre A1 Ayllón Santiago, Tania A1 Câmara, Daniel Cardoso Portela A1 dos Reis, Izabel Cristina A1 Delatorre, Edson A1 de Sequeira, Patrícia Carvalho A1 Ferreira-de-Lima, Vitor Henrique A1 Lima-Camara, Tamara Nunes A1 Honório, Nildimar Alves AB Background: Arthropod-borne diseases primarily affect tropical and subtropical regions, exhibiting seasonal patterns that peak during hot and rainy months when conditions favor mosquito vector proliferation. Factors such as high temperatures, elevated humidity, rainfall, urbanization, and the abundance of natural and artificial breeding sites influence Aedes vector dynamics. In this context, arboviruses pose significant public health challenges, likely worsened by global warming. In Brazil, Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) is the primary vector for yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1894) is an important global arbovirus vector and is considered a potential vector in Brazil. Entomological surveillance of these species often uses oviposition traps targeting immature stages. Evaluating studies that use ovitraps to collect Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus egg is essential for improving mosquito surveillance strategies. This study systematically reviewed peer-reviewed articles on ovitrap-based surveillance of Aedes mosquitoes in Brazil, published in Portuguese and English from 2012 to 2022. The findings suggest that ovitraps are an effective method for detecting the presence or absence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, serving as a reliable proxy for estimating mosquito abundance in Brazilian contexts. PB MDPI YR 2025 FD 2025 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/124006 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/124006 LA eng NO Fernandes Silva Chagas do Nascimento, R., da Silva Xavier, A., Ayllón Santiago, T., Câmara, D. C. P., Dos Reis, I. C., Delatorre, E., de Sequeira, P. C., Ferreira-de-Lima, V. H., Lima-Camara, T. N., & Honório, N. A. (2025). Systematic Review of the Ovitrap Surveillance of Aedes Mosquitoes in Brazil (2012-2022). Tropical medicine and infectious disease, 10(8), 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10080212 NO Author Contributions: Conceptualization, R.F.S.C.d.N. and N.A.H.; methodology, R.F.S.C.d.N. and N.A.H.; formal analysis, R.F.S.C.d.N., A.d.S.X., T.A.S., D.C.P.C., I.C.d.R., E.O.D. and N.A.H.; investigation, R.F.S.C.d.N., T.A.S., I.C.d.R. and N.A.H.; data curation, R.F.S.C.d.N., A.d.S.X., T.A.S., D.C.P.C., I.C.d.R., E.O.D. and N.A.H.; writing—original draft preparation, R.F.S.C.d.N., A.d.S.X., T.A.S., D.C.P.C., I.C.d.R., E.O.D., P.C.d.S., V.H.F.-d.-L., T.N.L.-C. and N.A.H.; writing—review and editing, R.F.S.C.d.N., A.d.S.X., T.A.S., D.C.P.C., I.C.d.R., E.O.D., P.C.d.S., V.H.F.-d.-L., T.N.L.-C. and N.A.H., visualization, T.A.S. and N.A.H.; supervision, N.A.H.; project administration, N.A.H.; funding acquisition, N.A.H. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript NO Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) DS Docta Complutense RD 31 dic 2025