RT Journal Article
T1 Long-term vegetation history of a relict birch forest (Betula pubescens subsp. celtiberica (Rothm. & Vasc.) Rivas Mart.) in the Toledo Mountains (central Iberia). Conservation implications
A1 Luelmo Lautenschlaeger, Reyes
A1 Morales Molino, César
A1 Blarquez, Olivier
A1 Pérez Díaz, Sebastián
A1 Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia
A1 Ochando, Juan
A1 Carrión, José S.
A1 Perea, Ramón
A1 Fernández González, Federico
A1 López Sáez, José Antonio
AB Understanding ecosystem resilience requires long data series provided by palaeoecological studies, the best tool for reconstructing vegetation dynamics. Here, we analyzed a continuous and well-dated record of pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, macrocharcoal remains, loss-on-ignition and magnetic susceptibility from one of the most singular peatlands in the Toledo Mountains (central Spain), in order to delineate the anthropogenic and/or climate impact on the peatland and the ecosystem’s response. La Ventilla mire is an isolated site of birch woodland dominated by Betula pubescens subsp. celtiberica (Rothm. & Vasc.) Rivas Mart. This mire, acting as a refugium for this species, is located in Cabañeros National Park and is recognized as ‘Special Area of Conservation’ according to Habitats Directive of the Natura 2000 network. We describe major patterns and trends in the development of this palaeorefugium since the mid-Holocene (∼ 6145 cal BP) and provide historical context for some natural and/or human-induced dynamics. Around 1500 cal BP, the lotic depositional environment with slow moving backwaters developed into a minerotrophic mire. Until the Middle Ages, macroclimate and autogenic succession appear to have been the main drivers of both local and regional development of vegetation. Between 1500 and 500 cal BP, an abrupt decline in birch cover started, coincident with the Visigothic period. The pronounced peaks in the coprophilous fungi record ca. 1000 and 150 cal BP reflect extensive pastoral activities in the area. This study shows how palaeoecological knowledge helps to explain present patterns in the composition of a valuable protected site, which may be used in prioritizing conservation.
PB Elsevier
SN 0034-6667
YR 2023
FD 2023-05
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/121415
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/121415
LA eng
NO Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger R, Morales-Molino C, Blarquez O, Pérez-Díaz S, Sabariego-Ruiz S, Ochando J, Carrión JS, Perea R, Fernández-González F, López-Sáez JA. Long-term vegetation history of a relict birch forest (Betula pubescens subsp. celtiberica (Rothm. & Vasc.) Rivas Mart.) in the Toledo Mountains (central Iberia). Conservation implications. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 2023;316:104906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2023.104906.
NO Acknowledgements:The development of this work was supported by the projects i) REDISCO-HAR2017-88035-P (Plan Nacional I + D + I, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness); ii) PID2019-1049449GB-I00, funded by FEDER/Ministry of Science and Innovation – Agencia Estatal de Investigación, iii) Fundación Séneca (grant no. 20788/PI/18); iv) Proyecto LifeWatch ERIC-SUMHAL, LIFEWATCH-2019-09-CSIC-13. R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger is funded by a Formación del Profesorado Universitario (FPU) grant FPU16/00676 (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports). C.M.-M. was supported by a ‘María Zambrano’ fellowship (Ministerio de Universidades/Universidad de Alcalá/European Union).
NO European Commission
NO Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
NO Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
NO Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
NO Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (España)
NO Ministerio de Universidades (España)
NO Fundación Séneca
NO LifeWatch ERIC
NO Universidad de Alcalá
DS Docta Complutense
RD 18 jun 2025