RT Journal Article T1 Modeling the two- and three-dimensional displacement field in Lorca, Spain, subsidence and the global implications A1 Fernandez, Jose A1 Prieto, Juan F. A1 Escayo, Joaquin A1 Camacho, Antonio G. A1 Luzón, Francisco A1 Tiampo, Kristy F. A1 Palano, Mimmo A1 Abajo, Tamara A1 Pérez, Enrique A1 Velasco, Jesus A1 Herrero, Tomas A1 Bru, Guadalupe A1 Molina, Iñigo A1 López, Juan A1 Rodríguez Velasco, Gema A1 Gómez, Israel A1 Mallorquí, Jordi J. AB Land subsidence associated with overexploitation of aquifers is a hazard that commonly affects large areas worldwide. The Lorca area, located in southeast Spain, has undergone one of the highest subsidence rates in Europe as a direct consequence of long-term aquifer exploitation. Previous studies carried out on the region assumed that the ground deformation retrieved from satellite radar interferometry corresponds only to vertical displacement. Here we report, for the first time, the two- and three-dimensional displacement field over the study area using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from Sentinel-1A images and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations. By modeling this displacement, we provide new insights on the spatial and temporal evolution of the subsidence processes and on the main governing mechanisms. Additionally, we also demonstrate the importance of knowing both the vertical and horizontal components of the displacement to properly characterize similar hazards. Based on these results, we propose some general guidelines for the sustainable management and monitoring of land subsidence related to anthropogenic activities PB Nature Research SN 2045-2322 YR 2018 FD 2018-10-03 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/13270 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/13270 LA eng NO Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) DS Docta Complutense RD 8 abr 2025