RT Journal Article T1 Mortars and plasters—How to characterize aerial mortars and plasters A1 Ergenc, Duygu A1 Fort González, Rafael A1 Varas Muriel, María Josefa A1 Álvarez de Buergo, Mónica AB Aerial mortars and plasters have been widely used in construction throughout history, and their compatibility with historic mortars and plasters has led to their recent re-adoption. This paper reviews the prominent features of aerial mortars and plasters, their main characteristics and the various characterization methods using both traditional and advanced technology. Several techniques are used in physical, hydric, mechanical, petrographic, mineralogical and chemical characterization. A detailed explanation of microscopic characterization techniques is provided, indicating the information that can be obtained with each. Scientific advances in dating and provenance studies are also described. PB Springer SN 1866-9557 YR 2021 FD 2021 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8636 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8636 LA eng NO Ergenç, D., Fort, R., Varas−Muriel, M.J. et al. Mortars and plasters—How to characterize aerial mortars and plasters. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 13, 197 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-021-01398-x NO Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) NO Comunidad de Madrid DS Docta Complutense RD 21 mar 2026