RT Journal Article
T1 The analysis of nonverbal communication: The dangers of pseudoscience in security and justice contexts
A1 Denault, Vincent
A1 Plusquellec, Pierrich
A1 Jupe, Louise
A1 St-Yves, Michel
A1 Dunbar, Norah
A1 Hartwig, Maria
A1 Sporer, Siegfried
A1 Rioux-Turcotte, Jessica
A1 Jarry, Jonathan
A1 Walsh, Dave
A1 Otgaar, Henry
A1 Viziteu, Andrei
A1 Talwar, Victoria
A1 Keatley, David
A1 Blandón-Gitlin, Iris
A1 Townson, Clint
A1 Deslauriers-Varin, Nadine
A1 Lilienfeld, Scott
A1 Patterson, Miles
A1 Areh, Igor
A1 Allan, Alfred
A1 Cameron, Hilary
A1 Boivin, Rémi
A1 ten Brinke, Leanne
A1 Masip, Jaume
A1 Bull, Ray
A1 Cyr, Mireille
A1 Hope, Lorraine
A1 Strömwall, Leif
A1 Bennett, Stephanie
A1 Al Menaiya, Faisal
A1 Leo, Richard
A1 Vredeveldt, Annelies
A1 Laforest, Marty
A1 Honts, Charles
A1 Manzanero, Antonio L.
A1 Mann, Samantha
A1 Granhag, Pär Anders
A1 Ask, Karl
A1 Gabbert, Fiona
A1 Guay, Jean Pierre
A1 Coutant, Alexandre
A1 Hancock, Jeffrey
A1 Manusov, Valerie
A1 Burgoon, Judee
A1 Kleinman, Steven
A1 Wright, Gordon
A1 Landström, Sara
A1 Freckelton, Ian
A1 Vernham, Zarah
A1 van Koppen, Peter
AB For security and justice professionals (e.g., police officers, lawyers, judges), the thousands of peer-reviewed articles on nonverbal communication represent important sources of knowledge. However, despite the scope of the scientific work carried out on this subject, professionals can turn to programs, methods and approaches that fail to reflect the state of science. The objective of this article is to examine (i) concepts of nonverbal communication conveyed by these programs, methods and approaches, but also (ii) the consequences of their use (e.g., on the life or liberty of individuals). To achieve this objective, we describe the scope of scientific research on nonverbal communication. A program (SPOT; “Screening of Passengers by Observation Techniques”), a method (the BAI; “Behavior Analysis Interview”) and an approach (synergology) that each run counter to the state of science are examined. Finally, we outline five hypotheses to explain why some organizations in the fields of security and justice are turning to pseudoscience and pseudoscientific techniques. We conclude the article by inviting these organizations to work with the international community of scholars who have scientific expertise in nonverbal communication and lie (and truth) detection to implement evidence-based practices.
AB Para los profesionales de la seguridad y la justicia (policías, abogados, jueces), los miles de artículos revisados por pares sobre comunicación no verbal representan fuentes importantes de conocimiento. Sin embargo, a pesar del alcance del trabajo científico realizado sobre este tema, los profesionales pueden recurrir a programas, métodos y enfoques que noreflejan el estado real de la ciencia. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar (i) los conceptos de comunicación no verbal transmitidos por estos programas, métodos y enfoques, pero también (ii) las consecuencias de su uso (por ejemplo, sobre la vida o la libertad de las personas). Para lograr estos objetivos, describimos el alcance de la investigación científica sobrela comunicación no verbal. Se examina un programa (SPOT: Evaluación de pasajeros mediante técnicas de observación), un método (BAI: Entrevista de análisis de conducta) y un enfoque (sinergología) que contradicen el estado de la ciencia.Finalmente, presentamos cinco hipótesis para explicar por qué algunas organizaciones en los campos de la seguridad y la justicia están recurriendo a la pseudociencia y a las técnicas pseudocientíficas. Concluimos el artículo invitando a estas organizaciones a trabajar con la comunidad académica internacional especializada en la investigación sobre comunicación no verbal y detección de mentiras (y verdad) para implementar prácticas basadas en la evidencia.
SN 1133-0740
YR 2020
FD 2020
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/6137
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/6137
LA eng
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DS Docta Complutense
RD 6 may 2024