%0 Journal Article
%A Santiago, Sara
%A Cabrero Martín, Andrea
%A Serafín González-Carrato, Verónica
%A Pedrero Muñoz, María
%A Munõz Berbel, X.
%A Guirado, G.
%A Montero Calle, Ana
%A Pingarrón Carrazón, José Manuel
%A Barderas Manchado, Rodrigo
%A Campuzano Ruiz, Susana
%T All-in-one silk-fibroin sustainable high performance electrochemical immunoplatforms: determination of the protein TIM-1 in cancer and allergy scenarios as a case study
%D 2026
%U https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/139028
%X Silk fibroin (SF) is a natural biopolymer extracted from Bombyx mori that has emerged as a promising sustainable material in biosensing applications, especially because of its biodegradable and tunable properties. However, SF is still insufficiently explored in electrochemical biosensing. We present a novel all-in-one electrochemical immunoplatform basedon a disposable electrode surface sequentially modified with Prussian Blue (PB) and SF. First, PB is electrodeposited, acting as a redox mediator that enhances signal amplification through its reversible electrochemistry and its low reduction potential for H2O2. The SF layer is here presented as a novel, biocompatible matrix for antibody immobilization thatoffers structural versatility and sustainability. This dual modification generates a synergistic ecofriendly functional interface that is stable at room temperature. Onto this innovative surface, we have developed a sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor employing a biotinylated detector antibody and streptavidin–horseradish peroxidase (Strep-HRP) as theenzymatic label for the determination of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing protein 1 (TIM-1, also known as KIM-1 or HAVCR1), a relevant biomarker associated with cancer-related angiogenesis and poor prognosis, and, more recently, with allergenic episodes. The platform enabled sensitive and selective determination of TIM-1 in plasmasamples from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, and saliva samples from individuals undergoing allergic episodes, in which elevated TIM-1 levels were observed. A remarkable advantage of this immunosensor is its operational stability for up to 20 days at room temperature, eliminating the need for a cold chain.
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