RT Journal Article
T1 Molecular mechanisms and cellular events involved in the neuroprotective actions of estradiol. Analysis of sex differences
A1 Azcoitia Elías, Iñigo
A1 Barreto, George E.
A1 García Segura, Luis Miguel
AB Estradiol, either from peripheral or central origin, activates multiple molecular neuroprotective and neuroreparative responses that, being mediated by estrogen receptors or by estrogen receptor independent mechanisms, are initiated at the membrane, the cytoplasm or the cell nucleus of neural cells. Estrogen-dependent signaling regulates a variety of cellular events, such as intracellular Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial respiratory capacity, ATP production, mitochondrial membrane potential, autophagy and apoptosis. In turn, these molecular and cellular actions of estradiol are integrated by neurons and non-neuronal cells to generate different tissue protective responses, decreasing blood-brain barrier permeability, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and excitotoxicity and promoting synaptic plasticity, axonal growth, neurogenesis, remyelination and neuroregeneration. Recent findings indicate that the neuroprotective and neuroreparative actions of estradiol are different in males and females and further research is necessary to fully elucidate the causes for this sex difference.
PB Frontiers Media
SN 1662-4548, ESSN: 1662-453X
YR 2019
FD 2019
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/13734
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/13734
LA eng
NO Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
NO CIBERFES and Fondos FEDER
DS Docta Complutense
RD 24 abr 2025