RT Journal Article T1 Clinical Factors Associated with Reinfection versus Relapse in Infective Endocarditis: Prospective Cohort Study A1 Calderón Parra, Jorge A1 Kestler Hernández, Martha A1 Ramos Martínez, Antonio A1 Bouza, Emilio A1 Valerio Minero, Maricela A1 Alarcón, Arístides A1 Luque Pérez, Rafael A1 Goenaga, Miguel A1 Echeverría, Tomás A1 Fariñas, María del Carmen A1 Pericàs, Juan A1 Ojeda Burgos, Guillermo A1 Fernández Cruz, Ana A1 Plata, Antonio A1 Vinuesa, David A1 Muñoz, Patricia AB We aimed to identify clinical factors associated with recurrent infective endocarditis (IE) episodes. The clinical characteristics of 2816 consecutive patients with definite IE (January 2008–2018) were compared according to the development of a second episode of IE. A total of 2152 out of 2282 (94.3%) patients, who were discharged alive and followed-up for at least the first year, presented a single episode of IE, whereas 130 patients (5.7%) presented a recurrence; 70 cases (53.8%) were due to other microorganisms (reinfection), and 60 cases (46.2%) were due to the same microorganism causing the first episode. Thirty-eight patients (29.2%), whose recurrence was due to the same microorganism, were diagnosed during the first 6 months of follow-up and were considered relapses. Relapses were associated with nosocomial endocarditis (OR: 2.67 (95% CI: 1.37–5.29)), enterococci (OR: 3.01 (95% CI: 1.51–6.01)), persistent bacteremia (OR: 2.37 (95% CI: 1.05–5.36)), and surgical treatment (OR: 0.23 (0.1–0.53)). On the other hand, episodes of reinfection were more common in patients with chronic liver disease (OR: 3.1 (95% CI: 1.65–5.83)) and prosthetic endocarditis (OR: 1.71 (95% CI: 1.04–2.82)). The clinical factors associated with reinfection and relapse in patients with IE appear to be different. A better understanding of these factors would allow the development of more effective therapeutic strategies. PB MPDI SN 2077-0383 YR 2021 FD 2021-02-08 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/6959 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/6959 LA eng DS Docta Complutense RD 9 abr 2025