%0 Journal Article
%A Assaf Balut, Carla
%A García De La Torre, Nuria
%A Fuentes, Manuel
%A Durán Rodríguez-Hervada, Alejandra
%A Bordiú, Elena
%A Valle, Laura Del
%A Valerio, Johanna
%A Jiménez, Inés
%A Herraiz Martínez, Miguel Ángel
%A Izquierdo Méndez, Nuria
%A Torrejón, María
%A De Miguel Novoa, María De La Paz
%A Barabash Bustelo, Ana
%A Cuesta, Martín
%A Rubio Herrera, Miguel Ángel
%A Calle Pascual, Alfonso Luis
%T A High Adherence to Six Food Targets of the Mediterranean Diet in the Late First Trimester is Associated with a Reduction in the Risk of Materno-Foetal Outcomes: The St. Carlos Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Study
%D 2018
%@ 2072-6643
%U https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/12581
%X A prenatal diet affects materno-foetal outcomes. This is a post hoc analysis of the St. Carlos gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) Prevention Study. It aims to evaluate the effect of a late first-trimester (>12 gestational weeks) degree of adherence to a MedDiet pattern—based on six food targets—on a composite of materno-foetal outcomes (CMFCs). The CMFCs were defined as having emergency C-section, perineal trauma, pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia, prematurity, large-for-gestational-age, and/or small-for-gestational-age. A total of 874 women were stratified into three groups according to late first-trimester compliance with six food targets: >12 servings/week of vegetables, >12 servings/week of fruits, <2 servings/week of juice, >3 servings/week of nuts, >6 days/week consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), and ≥40 mL/day of EVOO. High adherence was defined as complying with 5–6 targets; moderate adherence 2–4 targets; low adherence 0–1 targets. There was a linear association between high, moderate, and low adherence, and a lower risk of GDM, CMFCs, urinary tract infections (UTI), prematurity, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns (all p < 0.05). The odds ratios (95% CI) for GDM and CMFCs in women with a high adherence were 0.35((0.18–0.67), p = 0.002) and 0.23((0.11–0.48), p < 0.001), respectively. Late first-trimester high adherence to the predefined six food targets is associated with a reduction in the risk of GDM, CMFCs, UTI, prematurity, and SGA new-borns.
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