RT Journal Article T1 Assessing heterogeneous time-varying impacts in the debt-growth nexus A1 Gómez Puig, Marta A1 Sosvilla Rivero, Simón Javier AB We empirically identify, measure, and describe the heterogeneity of the debt-growth nexus and the underlying factors that may explain it using panel data for 115 countries from 1995 to 2016. First, countries are endogenously grouped using the grouped fixed effects (GFE) estimator. The GFE estimator endogenously splits the sample into five groups of countries with a distinct estimated effect of public debt-to-GDP ratio on economic growth and allows us to investigate group-specific time-varying impacts. Then, we use a panel data analysis to explore the potential drivers affecting these heterogeneous links’ time-varying magnitude. Our results suggest that the negative impact of public debt on economic growth is moderated by the quality of a country’s institutions and the proportion of productive expenditure but intensified by indebtedness and the maturity of the debt. PB Taylor and Francis SN 0003-6846 YR 2024 FD 2024 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/104934 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/104934 LA eng NO Gómez-Puig, M., & Sosvilla-Rivero, S. (2024). Assessing heterogeneous time-varying impacts in the debt-growth nexus. Applied Economics, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2024.2311068 DS Docta Complutense RD 28 mar 2026