RT Journal Article T1 Unearthing Neanderthal population history using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from cave sediments A1 Vernot, Benjamin A1 Zavala, Elena I. A1 Gomez-Olivencia, Asier A1 Jacobs, Zenobia A1 Slon, Viviane A1 Mafessoni, Fabrizio A1 Romagné, Frédéric A1 Pearson, Alice A1 Petr, Martin A1 Sala Burgos, Mª Teresa Nohemí A1 Pablos, Adrián A1 Aranburu, Arantza A1 Bermúdez de Castro, José María A1 Carbonell i Roura, Eudald A1 Li, Bo A1 Krajcarz, Maciej T. A1 Krivoshapkin, Andrey I. A1 Kolobova, Kseniya A. A1 Kozlikin, Maxim B. A1 Shunkov, Michael V. A1 Derevianko, Anatoly P. A1 Viola, Bence A1 Grote, Steffi A1 Essel, Elena A1 López Herráez, David A1 Nagel, Sarah A1 Nickel, Birgit A1 Richter, Julia A1 Schmidt, Anna A1 Peter, Benjamin A1 Kelso, Janet A1 Roberts, Richard G. A1 Arsuaga Ferreras, Juan Luis A1 Meyer, Matthias AB Environmental DNA can identify the presence of species, even from the distant past. Surveying three cave sites in western Europe and southern Siberia, Vernot et al. identified nuclear DNA and confirmed that it is from the close relatives of anatomically modern humans—Neanderthal and Denisovan individuals. A phylogenetic analysis and modeling show that the DNA in sediment samples from several layers corresponds to previously studied skeletal remains. These results demonstrate that environmental data can be applied to study the population genetics of the extinct Neanderthal and Denisovan lineages, identifying a turnover of Neanderthal populations ∼100,000 years ago. PB Amer Assoc Advancement Science SN 0036-8075 YR 2021 FD 2021-05-07 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8534 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8534 LA eng NO Unión Europea. H2020 NO Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN)/FEDER NO Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) NO Australian Research Council NO Russian Foundation for Basic Research NO Max Planck Society NO Junta de Castilla y León NO Fundación Atapuerca NO National Science Center, Poland NO Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación NO Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (Canada) DS Docta Complutense RD 26 sept 2024