RT Journal Article T1 Phenotypic molecular features of long-lived animal species A1 Jové, Mariona A1 Mota Martorell, Natàlia A1 Fernàndez Bernal, Anna A1 Portero Otin, Manuel A1 Barja De Quiroga Losada, Gustavo A1 Pamplona, Reinald AB One of the challenges facing science/biology today is uncovering the molecular bases that support and determine animal and human longevity. Nature, in offering a diversity of animal species that differ in longevity by more than 5 orders of magnitude, is the best ‘experimental laboratory’ to achieve this aim. Mammals, in particular, can differ by more than 200-fold in longevity. For this reason, most of the available evidence on this topic derives from comparative physiology studies. But why can human beings, for instance, reach 120 years whereas rats only last at best 4 years? How does nature change the longevity of species? Longevity is a species-specific feature resulting from an evolutionary process. Long-lived animal species, including humans, show adaptations at all levels of biological organization, from metabolites to genome, supported by signaling and regulatory networks. The structural and functional features that define a long-lived species may suggest that longevity is a programmed biological property. PB Elsevier SN 0891-5849 YR 2023 FD 2023-09 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/121464 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/121464 LA eng NO Jové M, Mota-Martorell N, Fernàndez-Bernal A, Portero-Otin M, Barja G, Pamplona R. Phenotypic molecular features of long-lived animal species. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 2023;208:728–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.023. NO Funding:Research by the authors was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (grants RTI2018-099200-B-I00), the Diputació de Lleida (PP10605—PIRS2021), and the Generalitat of Catalonia: Agency for Management of University and Research Grants (2021SGR00990) and Department of Health (SLT002/16/00250) to RP. This study has been co-financed by FEDER funds from the European Union (“A way to build Europe”). NO European Commission NO Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España) NO Generalitat de Catalunya NO Diputació de Lleida DS Docta Complutense RD 26 jul 2025