RT Journal Article
T1 Construct Validity of the Stroop Color-Word Test: Influence of Speed of Visual Search, Verbal Fluency, Working Memory, Cognitive Flexibility, and Conflict Monitoring.
T2 Validez de constructo de test Stroop color-palabra: influencia de la velocidad de búsqueda visual, fluidez verbal, memoria de trabajo, flexibilidad cognitiva y supervisión de conflicto
A1 Periáñez Morales, José Antonio
A1 Lubrini, Genny
A1 García-Gutiérrez, Ana
A1 Ríos-Lago. Marcos, 
AB Objective: 85 years after the description of the Stroop interference effect, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the cognitive constructs underlying scores from standardized versions of the test. The present work aimed to clarify the cognitive mechanisms underlying direct (word-reading, color-naming, and color-word) and derived scores (interference, difference, ratio, and relative scores) from Golden’s standardized version of the test.Method: After a comprehensive review of the literature, five cognitive processes were selected for analysis: speed of visual search, phonemic verbal fluency, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and conflict monitoring. These constructs were operationalized by scoring five cognitive tasks (WAIS-IV Digit Symbol, phonemic verbal fluency [letter A], WAIS-IV Digit Span, TMT B-A, and reaction times to the incongruent condition of a computerized Stroop task, respectively). About 83 healthy individuals (mean age = 25.2 years) participated in the study. Correlation and regression analyses were used to clarify the contribution of the five cognitive processes on the prediction of Stroop scores.Results: Data analyses revealed that Stroop word-reading reflected speed of visual search. Stroop color-naming reflected working memory and speed of visual search. Stroop color-word reflected working memory, conflict monitoring, and speed of visual search. Whereas the interference score was predicted by both conflict monitoring and working memory, the ratio score (color-word divided by color-naming) was predicted by conflict monitoring alone.Conclusion: The present results will help neuropsychologists to interpret altered patient scores in terms of a failure of the cognitive mechanisms detailed here, benefitting from the solid background of preceding experimental work.
PB Oxford University Press
SN 1873-5843
YR 2021
FD 2021
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/92464
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/92464
LA eng
NO Periáñez JA, Lubrini G, García-Gutiérrez A, Ríos-Lago M. Construct Validity of the Stroop Color-Word Test: Influence of Speed of Visual Search, Verbal Fluency, Working Memory, Cognitive Flexibility, and Conflict Monitoring. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2021 Jan 15;36(1):99-111. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acaa034
NO Universidad Complutense de Madrid
DS Docta Complutense
RD 26 feb 2026