RT Journal Article T1 Early Diversification of Membrane Intrinsic Proteins (MIPs) in Eukaryotes A1 Irisarri, Iker A1 Lorente Martínez, Héctor A1 Strassert, Jürgen F.H. A1 Agorreta, Ainhoa A1 Zardoya, Rafael A1 San Mauro Martín, Diego A1 de Vries, Jan AB Membrane intrinsic proteins (MIPs), including aquaporins (AQPs) and aquaglyceroporins (GLPs), form an ancient family of transporters for water and small solutes across biological membranes. The evolutionary history and functions of MIPs have been extensively studied in vertebrates and land plants, but their widespread presence across the eukaryotic tree of life suggests both a more complex evolutionary history and a broader set of functions than previously thought. That said, the early evolution of MIPs remains obscure. The presence of one GLP and four AQP clades across both bacteria and archaea suggests that the first eukaryotes could have possessed up to five MIPs. Here, we report on a previously unknown richness in MIP diversity across all major eukaryotic lineages, including unicellular eukaryotes, which make up the bulk of eukaryotic diversity. Three MIP clades have likely deep evolutionary origins, dating back to the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA), and support the presence of a complex MIP repertoire in early eukaryotes. Overall, our findings highlight the growing complexity of the reconstructed LECA genome: the dynamic evolutionary history of MIPs was set in motion when eukaryotes were in their infancy followed by radiative bursts across all main eukaryotic lineages. PB Oxford University Press SN 1759-6653 YR 2024 FD 2024 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/117608 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/117608 LA eng NO Irisarri, I., Lorente-Martínez, H., Strassert, J. F. H., Agorreta, A., Zardoya, R., San Mauro, D., & De Vries, J. (2024). Early diversification of membrane intrinsic proteins (Mips) in eukaryotes. Genome Biology and Evolution, 16(8), evae164. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evae164 NO H.L-M. was sponsored by a predoctoral contract of the Complutense University of Madrid and the Real Colegio Complutense at Harvard University (RCC-UCM), and an ERASMUS + research mobility traineeship from the European Commission. J.d.V. thanks the European Research Council for funding under the European Union's Horizon 2020 programme (Grant Agreement No. 852725; ERC-StG “TerreStriAL”) and the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the framework of the Priority Programme “MAdLand—Molecular Adaptation to Land: Plant Evolution to Change” (SPP 2237; VR 132/4-1), in which I.I. partakes as an associate member. J.F.H.S. acknowledges support from the German Research Foundation (DFG; grant STR1349/2-1, project no. 432453260). We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of the University of Goettingen. NO Universidad Complutense de Madrid NO European Commission NO German Research Foundation NO University of Goettingen DS Docta Complutense RD 9 abr 2025