RT Journal Article
T1 Effectiveness of Following Mediterranean Diet Recommendations in the Real World in the Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Adverse Maternal-Foetal Outcomes: A Prospective, Universal, Interventional Study with a Single Group. The St Carlos Study
A1 García De La Torre, Nuria
A1 Assaf Balut, Carla
A1 Jiménez Varas, Inés
A1 Valle, Laura Del
A1 Durán Rodríguez-Hervada, Alejandra
A1 Fuentes, Manuel
A1 Prado, Náyade Del
A1 Bordiú, Elena
A1 Valerio, Johanna Josefina
A1 Herraiz Martínez, Miguel Ángel
A1 Izquierdo Méndez, Nuria
A1 Torrejón, Maria José
A1 Cuadrado Cenzual, María Ángeles
A1 De Miguel Novoa, María De La Paz
A1 Familiar, Cristina
A1 Runkle De La Vega, Isabel Ana
A1 Barabash Bustelo, Ana
A1 Rubio Herrera, Miguel Ángel
A1 Calle Pascual, Alfonso Luis
AB We reported that a Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) and pistachios, reduces GDM incidence and several other adverse outcomes. In order to assess its translational effects in the real world we evaluated the effect of MedDiet from 1st gestational visit in GDM rate compared with control (CG) and intervention (IG) groups from the previously referred trial. As secondary objective we also compared adverse perinatal outcomes between normoglycemic and diabetic women. This trial is a prospective, clinic-based, interventional study with a single group. 1066 eligible normoglycaemic women before 12 gestational weeks were assessed. 932 women (32.4 ± 5.2 years old, pre-gestational BMI 22.5 ± 3.5 kg/m2) received a motivational lifestyle interview with emphasis on daily consumption of EVOO and nuts, were followed-up and analysed. Binary regression analyses were used to examine the risk for each pregnancy outcome, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational weight gain (GWG), caesarean-section, perineal trauma, preterm delivery, small (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA), and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit admissions. GDM was diagnosed in 13.9%. This rate was significantly lower than the CG: RR 0.81 (0.73–0.93), p < 0.001 and no different from the IG: RR 0.96 (0.85–1.07), p = 0.468. GWG was lower in diabetic women (10.88 ± 6.46 vs. 12.30 ± 5.42 Kg; p = 0.013). Excessive weight gain (EWG) was also lower in GDM [RR 0.91 (0.86–0.96); p < 0.001] without a significant increase of insufficient weight gain. LGA were also lower (1 (0.8%) vs. 31 (3.9%); p < 0.05)), and SGA were similar (5 (3.8%) vs. 30 (3.7%)). LGA were associated to EWG (RR 1.61 (1.35–1.91), p < 0.001). Differences in other maternal-foetal outcomes were not found. In conclusions an early MedDiet nutritional intervention reduces GDM incidence and maternal-foetal adverse outcomes and should be universally applied as 1st line therapy. GDM might not be consider as a high risk pregnancy any longer.
PB MDPI
SN 2072-6643
YR 2019
FD 2019-05-28
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/12582
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/12582
LA eng
NO García De La Torre, N., Assaf Balut, C., Jiménez Varas, I. et al. «Effectiveness of Following Mediterranean Diet Recommendations in the Real World in the Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Adverse Maternal-Foetal Outcomes: A Prospective, Universal, Interventional Study with a Single Group. The St Carlos Study». Nutrients, vol. 11, n.o 6, mayo de 2019, p. 1210. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061210.
NO Instituto de Salud Carlos III/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional
DS Docta Complutense
RD 7 abr 2025