RT Journal Article
T1 Interactive Effects of Warming and Competition Do Not Limit the Adaptive Plastic Response to Drought in Populations of a Mediterranean Plant
A1 Ramos Muñoz, Marina
A1 Blanco Sánchez, Mario
A1 Pías Couso, María Beatriz
A1 Ramírez Valiente, José Alberto
A1 Benavides, Raquel
A1 Escudero, Adrián
A1 Matesanz, Silvia
AB Water scarcity is the main selective pressure determining the performance of Mediterranean plant populations, with climate change predicted to increase the intensity and duration of droughts. However, drought rarely acts in isolation. Climate change also involves substantial warming in this region and may disrupt natural processes, including biotic interactions. Phenotypic plasticity allows plants to cope with rapid and multifaceted environmental changes. Although our knowledge of plastic responses to drought in Mediterranean plants has increased in recent years, how co-occurring simultaneous stressors interact to produce additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects that enhance or constrain adaptive plastic responses to drought is still unknown. Using a factorial experimental approach based on a multivariate common garden, we assessed whether adaptive phenotypic plasticity to drought and population differentiation in traits related to drought response were affected by the occurrence of other key simultaneous stressors, warming and intraspecific competition, in a Mediterranean gypsum endemic shrub. In response to drought, plants expressed adaptive plastic responses associated with a mixed resource-use strategy, combining conservative (sclerophyllous leaves with higher water use efficiency) and acquisitive (advanced phenology) phenotypic responses. Although the response to drought was modified by synergistic and antagonistic interactions with warming and competition, these interactions did not change the direction or reduce the extent of adaptive plasticity to drought. This suggests that plastic responses to drought may also provide benefits against warming and competition. Finally, we detected significant population differentiation in all functional traits, but phenotypic differences in reproductive biomass were significantly reduced under combined drought and warming. Our results emphasize the robustness of adaptive plasticity to drought under complex stress scenarios and underscore the importance of realistic, multifactorial experimental approaches to predict whether adaptive responses of plant populations will remain effective in a climate change context and influence their future ecological and evolutionary dynamics.
PB John Wiley & Sons
SN 1354-1013
YR 2025
FD 2025-07-25
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/123572
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/123572
LA eng
NO Ramos-Muñoz, M., Blanco-Sánchez, M., Pías, B., Ramírez-Valiente, J. A., Benavides, R., Escudero, A., & Matesanz, S. (2025). Interactive Effects of Warming and Competition Do Not Limit the Adaptive Plastic Response to Drought in Populations of a Mediterranean Plant. Global Change Biology, 31(7). https://doi.org/10.1111/GCB.70363
NO This study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant GYPSEVOL, CGL2016–75566-P) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grant MultiAdaptS3, PID2021- 126103NB-I00). Marina Ramos-Muñoz was funded by a predoctoral fellowship from Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (C1PREDOC2020).
NO Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
NO Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
NO Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
DS Docta Complutense
RD 26 dic 2025