RT Journal Article
T1 Glaucoma: from pathogenic mechanisms to retinal glial cell response to damage
A1 Fernández Albarral, José
A1 Ramírez Sebastián, Ana Isabel
A1 Hoz Montañana, María Rosa De
A1 Matamoros, José A.
A1 García Martín, Elena Salobrar
A1 Elvira Hurtado, Elena
A1 López Cuenca, Inés
A1 Sánchez-Puebla Fernández, Lidia
A1 Salazar Corral, Juan José
A1 Ramírez Sebastián, José Manuel
A2 Frontiers Media S.A, 
AB Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the retina characterized by the irreversible loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) leading to visual loss. Degeneration of RGCs and loss of their axons, as well as damage and remodeling of the lamina cribrosa are the main events in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Different molecular pathways are involved in RGC death, which are triggered and exacerbated as a consequence of a number of risk factors such as elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), age, ocular biomechanics, or low ocular perfusion pressure. Increased IOP is one of the most important risk factors associated with this pathology and the only one for which treatment is currently available, nevertheless, on many cases the progression of the disease continues, despite IOP control. Thus, the IOP elevation is not the only trigger of glaucomatous damage, showing the evidence that other factors can induce RGCs death in this pathology, would be involved in the advance of glaucomatous neurodegeneration. The underlying mechanisms driving the neurodegenerative process in glaucoma include ischemia/hypoxia, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. In glaucoma, like as other neurodegenerative disorders, the immune system is involved and immunoregulation is conducted mainly by glial cells, microglia, astrocytes, and Müller cells. The increase in IOP produces the activation of glial cells in the retinal tissue. Chronic activation of glial cells in glaucoma may provoke a proinflammatory state at the retinal level inducing blood retinal barrier disruption and RGCs death. The modulation of the immune response in glaucoma as well as the activation of glial cells constitute an interesting new approach in the treatment of glaucoma.
PB Frontiers Media
SN 1662-5102
YR 2024
FD 2024-01-25
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/100699
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/100699
LA eng
NO Jose A, F. A., Ramírez, A. I., de Hoz Montañana, R., Matamoros, J. A., Salobrar-Garcia, E., Elvira-Hurtado, L., ... & Ramírez, J. M. Glaucoma: from pathogenic mechanisms to retinal glial cell response to damage. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 18, 1354569.
NO Santander-Universidad Complutense de Madrid
DS Docta Complutense
RD 10 abr 2025