RT Journal Article T1 Universalism within: The tension between universalism and community in progressive ideology A1 Dalle Mulle, Emmanuel A1 Serrano, Ivan AB Social-democratic parties face a dilemma between the universalist ethos of their socialist tradition and the nationalism that they share with the other political actors of the state where they act. In this paper, we examine comparatively the position of the Spanish party Partido Socialista Obrero Español (PSOE) and the Catalan party Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC) on three political debates that pertains to the link between welfare and identity in Spain. We show how these parties experience opposite tensions between nationalism and the universalism of their left-wing ideology. Whereas ERC calls for a withdrawal from the Spanish system of social security, the PSOE advocates imposing on Catalonia a symmetric form of solidarity with the rest of Spain, despite recognising the region's different identity. Above all, both parties take identity for granted as a pre-political factor that ‘naturally’ justifies differential treatment, according to ERC, or equalising federalism, in the case of the PSOE. PB Wiley SN 1354-5078 YR 2022 FD 2022-08-17 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/102505 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/102505 LA eng NO Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) NO European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme DS Docta Complutense RD 10 abr 2025