RT Journal Article
T1 Adequacy of Usual Vitamin and Mineral Intake in Spanish Children and Adolescents: ENALIA Study
A1 López Sobaler, Ana María
A1 Aparicio Vizuete, Aranzazu
A1 González Rodríguez, Liliana Guadalupe
A1 Cuadrado Soto, Esther
A1 Rubio, Josefa
A1 Marcos, Victoria
A1 Sanchidrián, Rosa
A1 Santos, Sara
A1 Pérez Farinós, José Napoleón
A1 Dal Re, Marian
A1 Villar, Carmen
A1 Robledo, Teresa
A1 Castrodeza, J. Javier
A1 Ortega Anta, Rosa María
AB Background: The National Dietary Survey on the Child and Adolescent Population in Spain (ENALIA) provides data to assess the usual micronutrient intake among Spanish infants, children, and adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional survey (November 2012–July 2014) of a representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents (six months–17 years) (n = 1862). Dietary information was collected using two non consecutive one-day food diaries (six months–10 years old) or two 24 h dietary recalls (11 years and older) separated by at least 14 days. Estimates were calculated using the Iowa State University method and PC-SIDE software (version 1.0, department of statistics, center for agricultural and rural development, Ames, IA, USA) to account for within- and between-person variation. Results: Usual intake of vitamin D was insufficient in practically all individuals. Vitamin E, folate, and calcium were insufficient, especially from nine years of age, and magnesium and iodine from 14 years of age. The percentage of subjects with insufficient intakes was higher among females. Sodium intake was excessive in a considerable percentage of the population, especially in males, and it increased with age. Finally, over half of children under four years of age had zinc usual intakes that exceeded the Tolerable Upper Level. Conclusion: Vitamin and mineral intake in Spain should be improved, especially in late childhood and adolescence. Nutritional intervention and educational strategies are needed to promote healthy eating habits and correct micronutrient inadequacies in Spanish children and adolescents.
PB MDPI
SN 2072-6643
YR 2017
FD 2017-02-13
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/19267
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/19267
LA eng
NO López Sobaler, A. M., Aparicio Vizuete, A., González Rodríguez, L. et al. «Adequacy of Usual Vitamin and Mineral Intake in Spanish Children and Adolescents: ENALIA Study». Nutrients, vol. 9, n.o 2, febrero de 2017, p. 131. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9020131.
NO Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición
NO Autoridad Europea de Seguridad Alimentaria
DS Docta Complutense
RD 7 abr 2025