RT Journal Article T1 Hidden biodiversity: total evidence phylogenetics and evolution of morphological traits in a highly diverse lineage of endogean ground beetles, Typhlocharis Dieck, 1869 (Carabidae, Trechinae, Anillini) A1 Pérez-González, Sergio A1 Andújar, Carmelo A1 Pérez Zaballos, Juan AB Typhlocharis is the most diverse eyeless endogean ground beetle genus known to date, with 62 species all endemic to the West Mediterranean region. The lineage is characterized by a conservative and singular body plan within Carabidae that contrasts with a high morphological diversity in many traits. We provide an exhaustive phylogeny of the lineage through the study of 92 morphological characters from all 62 described species and 45 potential new species from 70 additional populations, and the combination of morphological and available molecular data, in the first total evidence phylogenetic approach for a highly diverse endogean lineage. We tracked the evolution of morphological traits over the obtained phylogenies. Results suggest eight morphologically distinct clades, which do not correspond to the species groups proposed formerly. Ancestral state reconstructions and phylogenetic signal analyses of morphological traits revealed that some of the previously key characters to the classifi- cation of Typhlocharis, such as the umbilicate series or the apical denticles of elytra, are highly homoplasic, whereas other characters show stronger phylogenetic signal, including structures in the antennae, gula, pronotum and last abdominal ventrite. This evidence supports the split of Typhlocharis into three genera: Lusotyphlus gen. nov.; Typhlocharis Dieck, 1869 and Microcharidius Coiffait, 1969 (revalidated), forming the subtribe Typhlocharina Jeanne, 1973. PB Wiley SN 0748-3007, ESSN: 1096-0031 YR 2017 FD 2017-08 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17982 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/17982 LA eng NO Unión Europea. H2020 NO Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) NO Universidad Complutense de Madrid NO Universidad Complutense de Madrid/Banco de Santander DS Docta Complutense RD 8 abr 2025