RT Journal Article T1 The Prevalence of Myopia in Children in Spain: An Updated Study in 2020 A1 Álvarez Peregrina, Cristina A1 Martínez Pérez, Clara A1 Villa Collar, César A1 González Pérez, Mariano A1 González Abad, Ana A1 Sánchez Tena, Miguel Ángel AB In recent years, there was a significant increase in myopia incidence worldwide. However, it is still not clear how it affects Spanish children. Since 2016, this research team analyzed myopia prevalence and risk in 9668 children aged between 5 and 7 years. It was shown that the prevalence rates increased from 16.8% in 2016 to 20.4% in 2019. The objective of this study is to update the prevalence rate of myopia in Spain in 2020 and analyze the risk and prevention factors of myopia. Methods: The participants underwent an optometric examination, and a questionnaire on their lifestyle, family history, and geographical origin was carried out. Finally, data were analyzed using the SPSS version 27 program. Results: 1601 children from various Autonomous Communities of Spain were examined. In 2020 the myopia rates did not increase compared to 2019 (p < 0.05), although the number of hyperopes decreased and the number of emmetropes increased. Regarding age, the prevalence of myopia increased progressively over the years (p < 0.001). There was no association between gender and myopia (p > 0.05). There was a link between the time spent in near vision and family history with the prevalence of myopia (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of myopia in Spain in children between 5 and 7 years old increased significantly between 2016 and 2020. PB MDPI SN 1660-4601 YR 2021 FD 2021-11-25 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/5087 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/5087 LA eng NO Alvarez-Peregrina, C.; Martinez-Perez, C.; Villa-Collar, C.; González-Pérez, M.; González-Abad, A.; Sánchez-Tena, M.Á.; on behalf of Grupo de Investigación Alain Afflelou. The Prevalence of Myopia in Children in Spain: An Updated Study in 2020. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 12375 NO Fundación Alain Afflelou (España) DS Docta Complutense RD 8 abr 2025