RT Journal Article T1 Clientelism and ideological competition: the impact on ideological overlapping A1 Barreda, Mikel A1 Otero Felipe, Patricia A1 Ruiz Rodríguez, Leticia María AB Clientelism is a widespread and persistent practice in Latin America with significant ramifications for political actors and systems. This paper analyses its impact upon ideological overlapping, which is one of the aspects of ideological competition that has received disparate levels of attention depending on the region of study. The hypothesis examined is that clientelism reduces the ideological differentiation of political parties because, firstly, a clientelist environment makes it difficult for political actors to use left/right categories, thereby contributing to a reduction in parties’ ideological identities. Secondly, the use of clientelist practices by parties fosters ideological overlapping with other parties, given the lack of incentives for them to differentiate themselves ideologically from one another. To test this relationship, a multilevel regression analysis was performed of 86 Latin American parties since 2009. PB Taylor and Francis Group SN 1745-7289 YR 2023 FD 2023 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/72427 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/72427 LA spa DS Docta Complutense RD 12 abr 2025