%0 Journal Article
%A Martínez, María
%A Martín‐Hernández, David
%A Virto Ruiz, Leire
%A Mac-Dowell Mata, Karina Soledad
%A Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos
%A García Bueno, Borja
%A Figuero Ruiz, Elena
%A Ambrosio Elejalde, Nagore
%A Herrera González, David
%A Montero Solís, Eduardo
%A González Bris, Álvaro
%A Marín Cuenda, María José
%A Sanz Martín, Mariano
%T Periodontal diseases and depression: A pre‐clinical in vivo study
%D 2021
%@ 0303-6979
%@ 1600-051X
%U https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/96806
%X Aim: To analyse, through a pre-clinical in vivo model, the possible mechanisms linking depression and periodontitis at behavioural, microbiological and molecular levels.Materials and methods: Periodontitis (P) was induced in Wistar:Han rats (oral gavages with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum) during 12 weeks, followed by a 3-week period of Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) induction. Four groups (n = 12 rats/group) were obtained: periodontitis and CMS (P+CMS+); periodontitis without CMS; CMS without periodontitis; and control. Periodontal clinical variables, alveolar bone levels (ABL), depressive-like behaviour, microbial counts and expression of inflammatory mediators in plasma and brain frontal cortex (FC), were measured. ANOVA tests were applied.Results: The highest values for ABL occurred in the P+CMS+ group, which also presented the highest expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-kB) in frontal cortex, related to the lipoprotein APOA1-mediated transport of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to the brain and the detection of F. nucleatum in the brain parenchyma. A dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis, reflected by the increase in plasma corticosterone and glucocorticoid receptor levels in FC, was also found in this group.Conclusions: Neuroinflammation induced by F. nucleatum (through a leaky mouth) might act as the linking mechanism between periodontal diseases and depression.
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