RT Journal Article T1 Modal Accessibility Gap in Curitiba (Brazil). Dynamic Analysis Considering Time and Spatial Variations A1 de Almeida Jr., Paulo A1 Moya Gómez, Borja A1 Condeço Melhorado, Ana Margarida A1 Carpio Pinedo, José AB This paper analyzes the accessibility of Curitiba, Brazil, by combining high-detail, big-data-informed automobile dynamic distance matrices from TomTom Traffic Stats and a bus network database - GTFS data - provided by the Curitiba City Council. Accessibility is measured dynamically, considering the changing conditions of congestion levels and bus frequencies, along with the daily variation of mobility patterns. The accessibility gap between private and bus modes is estimated, and its daily variation is analyzed regarding its spatial and temporal distribution. This study identifies places with greater public transport supply deficiencies and locations with the greatest needs for public transport improvements, suggesting priority intervention areas to improve the accessibility of the population while promoting a shift toward more sustainable transport modes. The outcomes show the relative advantage of cars versus buses and that a higher portion of Curitiba’s population lives in areas with high accessibility gaps. PB Springer YR 2025 FD 2025 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/122366 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/122366 LA eng NO de Almeida Correia, P., Carpio-Pinedo, J., Moya-Gómez, B. et al. Modal Accessibility Gap in Curitiba (Brazil). Dynamic Analysis Considering Time and Spatial Variations. Appl. Spatial Analysis 18, 34 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-025-09639-5 NO Agencia Estatal de Investigación NO The European Regional Development Fund NO Grant NEWGEOMOB NO MICIU/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033/ DS Docta Complutense RD 20 mar 2026