RT Journal Article T1 Boosting terahertz generation in laser-field ionized gases using a sawtooth wave shape A1 González de Alaiza, Pedro A1 Babushkin, Ihar A1 Bergé, Luc A1 Skupin, Stephan A1 Cabrera Granado, Eduardo A1 Köhler, Christian A1 Mörgner, Uwe A1 Husakou, Anton V. A1 Herrmann, Jens AB Broadband ultrashort terahertz (THz) pulses can be produced using plasma generation in a noble gas ionized by femtosecond two-color pulses. Here we demonstrate that, by using multiple-frequency laser pulses, one can obtain a waveform which optimizes the free electron trajectories in such a way that they acquire the largest drift velocity. This allows us to increase the THz conversion efficiency to 2%, an unprecedented performance for THz generation in gases. In addition to the analytical study of THz generation using a local current model, we perform comprehensive 3D simulations accounting for propagation effects which confirm this prediction. Our results show that THz conversion via tunnel ionization can be greatly improved with well-designed multicolor pulses. PB American Physical Society SN 0031-9007 YR 2015 FD 2015-05-06 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/23092 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/23092 LA eng NO 1. Sensing with Terahertz Radiation, edited by D. Mittleman (Springer, Berlin, 2002).2. M. Kreß, T. Löffler, M. D. Thomson, R. Dörner, H. Gimpel, K. Zrost, T. Ergler, R. Moshammer, U. Morgner, J. Ullrich et al., Nat. Phys. 2, 327 (2006).3. E. Pickwell and V. P. Wallace, J. Phys. D 39, R301 (2006).4. M. Tonouchi, Nat. Photonics 1, 97 (2007).5. B. Marx, Laser Focus World 43, 44 (2007).6. W. L. Chan, J. Deibel, and D. M. Mittleman, Rep. Prog. Phys. 70, 1325 (2007).7. M. C. Hoffmann and J. A. Fülöp, J. Phys. D 44, 083001 (2011).8. M. Woerner, W. Kuehn, P. Bowlan, K. Reimann, and T. Elsaesser, New J. Phys. 15, 025039 (2013).9. K.-L. Yeh, M. C. Hoffmann, J. Hebling, and K. A. Nelson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 171121 (2007).10. C. Vicario, B. Monoszlai, and C. P. Hauri, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 213901 (2014).11. D. J. Cook and R. M. Hochstrasser, Opt. Lett. 25, 1210 (2000).12. K. Y. Kim, A. J. Taylor, J. H. Glownia, and G. Rodriguez, Nat. Photonics 2, 605 (2008).13. M. Thomson, M. Kreß, T. Löffler, and H. Roskos, Laser Photonics Rev. 1, 349 (2007).14. I. Babushkin, S. Skupin, and J. Herrmann, Opt. Express 18, 9658 (2010).15. I. Babushkin, S. Skupin, A. Husakou, C. Köhler, E. Cabrera-Granado, L. Bergé, and J. Herrmann, New J. Phys. 13, 123029 (2011).16. L. Bergé, S. Skupin, C. Köhler, I. Babushkin, and J. Herrmann, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 073901 (2013).17. M. Kress, T. Löffler, S. Eden, M. Thomson, and H. G. Roskos, Opt. Lett. 29, 1120 (2004).18. T. Bartel, P. Gaal, K. Reimann, M. Woerner, and T. Elsaesser, Opt. Lett. 30, 2805 (2005).19. K.-Y. Kim, J. H. Glownia, A. J. Taylor, and G. Rodriguez, Opt. Express 15, 4577 (2007).20. K. Reimann, Rep. Prog. Phys. 70, 1597 (2007).21. E. Cabrera-Granado, Y. Chen, I. Babushkin, L. Bergé, and S. Skupin, New J. Phys. 17, 023060 (2015).22. I. Babushkin, W. Kuehn, C. Köhler, S. Skupin, L. Bergé, K. Reimann, M. Woerner, J. Herrmann, and T. Elsaesser, Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 053903 (2010).23. M. Clerici, M. Peccianti, B. E. Schmidt, L. Caspani, M. Shalaby, M. Giguère, A. Lotti, A. Couairon, F. Légaré, T. Ozaki, D. Faccio, and R. Morandotti, Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 253901 (2013).24. A. Debayle, L. Gremillet, L. Bergé, and C. Köhler, Opt. Express 22, 13691 (2014).25. vf(t) is the velocity of a free electron injected at t=−∞. The free electrons created by the photoionization process acquire different actual velocities, as they are injected at times tn with zero initial momentum. 26. See Supplemental Material at http://link.aps.org/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.183901 for detailed analytical calculations. 27. Note that here we take into account the total current J, without neglecting JA.28. L. Bergé, S. Skupin, R. Nuter, J. Kasparian, and J. P. Wolf, Rep. Prog. Phys. 70, 1633 (2007).29. L. E. Chipperfield, J. S. Robinson, J. W. G. Tisch, and J. P. Marangos, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 063003 (2009).30. S. Haessler, T. Balčiunas, G. Fan, G. Andriukaitis, A. Pugžlys, A. Baltuška, T. Witting, R. Squibb, A. Zaïr, J.  W. G. Tisch, J. P. Marangos, and L. E. Chipperfield, Phys. Rev. X 4, 021028 (2014).31. M. Kolesik and J. V. Moloney, Phys. Rev. E 70, 036604 (2004).32. A. Dalgarno and A. E. Kingston, Proc. R. Soc. A 259, 424 (1960). NO © 2015 American Physical Society NO DFG DS Docta Complutense RD 1 may 2024