RT Journal Article T1 Gender equality in prison reform in Spain: how a gender-biased, closed policy system prevents real change A1 Ballesteros Pena, Ana A1 Bustelo Ruesta, María Dolores AB This article aims to understand what happens when gender equality policies cross prison walls, a challenging domain, traditionally invisibilised and ignored in the scholarship on gender and politics. By analysing the formulation and post-adoption phases in Spain, four main conclusions are drawn: first, the formulation phase has been highly impacted by the absence of the feminist movement and gender experts, resulting in the adoption of traditional views about the nature and needs of women; second, the lack of knowledge or disagreement with the goals of the public policies activates forms of resistance that block attempts to advance; third, the ideas included in policy documents can be “fixed” in the implementation phase and can eventually shape future courses of action; and, finally, the persistent absence of the feminist movement in the post-adoption phase results in the lack of opportunities to revert the course of the action into a more transformative path. PB Bristol University Press YR 2023 FD 2023-05-05 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/87592 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/87592 LA eng NO Ballesteros-Pena, A., & Bustelo, M. (2023). Gender equality in prison reform in Spain: how a gender-biased, closed policy system prevents real change. European Journal of Politics and Gender, 6(1), 23-39. NO Comisión Europea DS Docta Complutense RD 30 dic 2025