RT Journal Article
T1 A giant umbrella-like stellar stream around the tidal ring galaxy NGC 922
A1 Martínez Delgado, David
A1 Roca Fábrega, Santi
A1 Miró Carretero, Juan
A1 Gómez Flechoso, María De Los Ángeles
A1 Román, Javier
A1 Donatiello, Giusseppe
A1 Schmidt, Judy
A1 Lang, Dustin
A1 Akhlaghi, Mohammad
A1 Hanson, Mark
AB Context. Tidal ring galaxies (TRGs) are rarely observed in the local universe due to their intrinsically transient nature. The tidal ring structures are the result of strong interactions between gas-rich stellar disks and smaller galactic systems, and do not last longer than ∼500 Myr. Therefore, these are perfect scenarios in which to look for the debris of recently accreted dwarf galactic systems.Aims. Our goal is to study the low surface brightness stellar structures around the TRG NGC 922 and to revise the hypothesis of its formation in light of these new data.Methods. We present new deep images of the TRG NGC 922 and its surroundings from the DESI Legacy survey data and from our observations with an amateur telescope. These observations are compared with results from high-resolution N-body simulations that were designed to reproduce an alternative formation scenario for this peculiar galaxy.Results. Our new observations unveil that the low surface brightness stellar tidal structures around NGC 922 are much more complex than reported in previous works. In particular, the formerly detected tidal spike-like structure at the north-east of the central galaxy disk is not connected with the dwarf companion galaxy PGC 3080368, which has been suggested as the intruder triggering the ring formation of NGC 922. The deep images reveal that this tidal structure mainly has a fainter giant umbrella-like shape, and thus it was formed from the tidal disruption of a different satellite. Using the broad-band g, r, and z DESI LS images, we measured the photometric properties of this stellar stream, estimating a total absolute magnitude in the r band of M_(r) = −17.0 ± 0.03 mag and a total stellar mass for the stream of between 6.9 and 8.5×10^(8) Mꙩ. We performed a set of N-body simulations to reproduce the observed NGC922-intruder interaction, suggesting a new scenario for the formation of its tidal ring from the infall of a gas-rich satellite around 150 Myr ago. Finally, our deep images also reveal a tidal shell around the dwarf galaxy PGC 3080368, a possible fossil of a recent merger with a smaller satellite, which may suggest it is in its first infall towards NGC 922.
PB EDP Sciencies
SN 0004-6361
YR 2023
FD 2023-01-18
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/72145
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/72145
LA eng
NO © The Authors 2023. DMD acknowledges financial support from the Talentia Senior Program (through the incentive ASE-136) from Secretaría General de Universidades, Investigación y Tecnología, de la Junta de Andalucía. DMD acknowledges funding from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017-0709) and project (PDI2020-114581GBC21/ AEI / 10.13039/501100011033). SRF acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under grant number AYA2016-75808-R, AYA2017-90589-REDT and S2018/NMT-429, and from the CAM-UCM under grant number PR65/19-22462. SRF acknowledges support from a Spanish postdoctoral fellowship, under grant number 2017- T2/TIC-5592. MAGF acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the project PID2020-114581GB-C22. JR acknowledges support from the State Research Agency (AEI-MCINN) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under the grant “The structure and evolution of galaxies and their central regions” with reference PID2019- 105602GB-I00/10.13039/501100011033. JR also acknowledges funding from University of La Laguna through the Margarita Salas Program from the Spanish Ministry of Universities ref. UNI/551/2021-May 26, and under the EU Next Generation. MA acknowledges the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Union – NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Facility project ICTS-MRR-2021-03-CEFCA. This project uses data from observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry for Science, Innovation and Universities and FEDER funds through grant AYA2016-81065-C2-2. We also used data obtained with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), which was constructed by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) collaboration. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the US Department of Energy, the US National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovacão, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Enérgeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the LudwigMaximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, the Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, and Texas A&M University. Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant #HST-HF2-51466.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This work was partly done using GNU Astronomy Utilities (Gnuastro, ascl.net/1801.009) version 0.17. Work on Gnuastro has been funded by the Japanese MEXT scholarship and its Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (21244012, 24253003), the European Research Council (ERC) advanced grant 339659-MUSICOS, and from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under grant number AYA2016-76219-P. M.A acknowledges the financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Union – NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Facility project ICTS-MRR2021-03-CEFCA.
NO Secretaría General de Universidades, Investigación y Tecnología, de la Junta de Andalucía
NO State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa”
NO Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO)
NO Comunidad de Madrid
NO Spanish postdoctoral fellowship
NO Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN)
NO State Research Agency (AEI-MCINN) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under the grant “The structure and evolution of galaxies and their central regions”
NO University of La Laguna through the Margarita Salas Program from the Spanish Ministry of Universities
NO European Union – NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Facility project
NO Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
NO FEDER funds
NO US Department of Energy
NO US National Science Foundation
NO Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
NO Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom
NO Higher Education Funding Council for England
NO National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
NO Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago
NO Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University
NO Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University
NO Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
NO Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
NO Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
NO Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovacão
NO Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
NO Argonne National Laboratory
NO University of California at Santa Cruz
NO University of Cambridge
NO Centro de Investigaciones Enérgeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid
NO University of Chicago
NO University College London
NO DES-Brazil Consortium
NO University of Edinburgh
NO Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich
NO Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
NO University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign
NO Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC)
NO Institut de Física d’Altes Energies
NO Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
NO LudwigMaximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe
NO University of Michigan
NO National Optical Astronomy Observatory
NO University of Nottingham
NO Ohio State University
NO University of Pennsylvania
NO University of Portsmouth
NO SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
NO Stanford University
NO University of Sussex
NO Texas A&M University
NO NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship
NO Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract
NO Japanese MEXT scholarship and its Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
NO European Research Council (ERC)
NO Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad
NO Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
NO European Union – NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Facility
NO Universidad Complutense de Madrid
DS Docta Complutense
RD 27 feb 2026