RT Journal Article
T1 On the lack of stratospheric dynamical variability in low-top versions of the CMIP5 models
A1 Charlton-Perez, Andrew J.
A1 Baldwin, Mark P.
A1 Birner, Thomas
A1 Black, Robert X.
A1 Butler, Amy H.
A1 Calvo Fernández, Natalia
A1 Davis, Nicholas A.
A1 Gerber, Edwin P.
A1 Gillett, Nathan
A1 Hardiman, Steven
A1 Kim, Junsu
A1 Krüger, Kirstin
A1 Lee, Yun-Young
A1 Manzini, Elisa
A1 McDaniel, Brent A.
A1 Polvani, Lorenzo
A1 Reichler, Thomas
A1 Shaw, Tiffany A.
A1 Sigmond, Michael
A1 Son, Seok-Woo
A1 Toohey, Matthew
A1 Wilcox, Laura
A1 Yoden, Shigeo
A1 Christiansen, Bo
A1 Lott, François
A1 Shindell, Drew
A1 Yukimoto, Seiji
A1 Watanabe, Shingo
AB We describe the main differences in simulations of stratospheric climate and variability by models within the fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) that have a model top above the stratopause and relatively fine stratospheric vertical resolution (high-top), and those that have a model top below the stratopause (low-top). Although the simulation of mean stratospheric climate by the two model ensembles is similar, the low-top model ensemble has very weak stratospheric variability on daily and interannual time scales. The frequency of major sudden stratospheric warming events is strongly underestimated by the low-top models with less than half the frequency of events observed in the reanalysis data and high-top models. The lack of stratospheric variability in the low-top models affects their stratosphere-troposphere coupling, resulting in short-lived anomalies in the Northern Annular Mode, which do not produce long-lasting tropospheric impacts, as seen in observations. The lack of stratospheric variability, however, does not appear to have any impact on the ability of the low-top models to reproduce past stratospheric temperature trends. We find little improvement in the simulation of decadal variability for the high-top models compared to the low-top, which is likely related to the fact that neither ensemble produces a realistic dynamical response to volcanic eruptions.
PB American Geophysical Union
SN 2169-897X
YR 2013
FD 2013-03-27
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/33554
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/33554
LA eng
NO © 2013 American Geophysical Union. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups for producing and making available the model output listed in Table 1. For CMIP the U.S. Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. A. J. C.-P. and L. J. W. were supported by an National Centre for Atmospheric Science CMIP5 grant. M. P. B. was funded by NSF under the US CLIVAR program and the Office of Polar Programs. T. B. and N. A. D. acknowledge support by the U.S. National Science Foundation. The research efforts of R. X. B., B. A. M. & Y.-Y. L. were conducted under support by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Award No. DE-FOA000024 and by the National Science Foundation Grant, ARC-1107384. N. C. was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCINN) through the CGL2008-05968-C02-01 project. E. P. G. was supported by the National Science Foundation. The work of M. T. and K. K. contributes to the BMBF joint research project MiKlip within the project ALARM through the grant 01LP1130B. The work of S. C. H. was supported by the Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101). We also acknowledge the European Commission's 7th Framework Programme, under Grant Agreement number 226520, COMBINE project which supplied some data not available from the CMIP5 archive. We also thank Gerard Devine (NCAS-CMS) for help with accessing and parsing meta-data information from the models.
NO National Centre for Atmospheric Science
NO NSF under the US CLIVAR program
NO U.S. National Science Foundation
NO U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research
NO National Science Foundation
NO Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCINN)
NO National Science Foundation
NO BMBF
NO Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme
NO European Commission
NO NSF under Office of Polar Program
DS Docta Complutense
RD 10 abr 2025