RT Journal Article
T1 Cluster analysis of bovine respiratory disease (BRD)-associated pathogens shows the existence of two epidemiological patterns in BRD outbreaks
A1 Calderón Bernal, Johan Manuel
A1 Fernández, Ana
A1 Arnal, José Luis
A1 Baselga, Cristina
A1 Benito Zuñiga, Alfredo
A1 Fernández-Garayzábal Fernández, José Francisco
A1 Vela Alonso, Ana Isabel
A1 Cid Vázquez, María Dolores
AB A hierarchical cluster analysis was used to classify outbreaks of bovine respiratory disease (BRD; n = 156) in natural groups according to the detection of nine pathogens (parainfluenza 3 virus (PI-3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine coronavirus (BCV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1), Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, and Mycoplasma bovis. Pathogens were detected by individual q-PCRs. Two clusters were identified. Cluster 1 was characterized by a relatively high frequency (40–72%) of four BRD-associated viruses, supporting their primary involvement in BRD. Cluster 2 was characterized by frequencies of PI-3, BRSV, or BVDV below 10% each. P. multocida and M. haemolytica were detected with high frequencies in both clusters (P > 0.05), while M. bovis and H. somni showed a significantly higher frequency in cluster 1and 2, respectively. Outbreaks in cluster 1 were associated with preweaning calves younger than 5 months (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.1–4.5) and with cold months, whereas cluster 2 was associated with fattening calves older than 5 months after arrival to feedlots and without any seasonality. Thus, in addition to the classic epidemiological BRD pattern characterized by the primary involvement of viruses occurring preferably during winter and affecting young calves, there is a second pattern in which viruses would be less relevant, affecting mainly calves older than 5 months at any time of the year. This study allows a better understanding of the BRD epidemiology, which can be useful when implementing management and prophylaxis measures for a better control of this disease.
PB Elsevier
SN 0378-1135
YR 2023
FD 2023
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/93235
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/93235
LA eng
NO https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109701
DS Docta Complutense
RD 10 abr 2025