%0 Journal Article
%A Sergent, Petra
%A Pinto-Cárdenas, Juan Carlos
%A Arreguin Carrillo, Adhara Jaciel
%A Luna Dávalos, Daniel
%A González Pérez, Marisa Daniela
%A Mendoza Lechuga, Dora Alicia
%A Alonso Miguel, Daniel
%A Schaafsma, Evelien
%A Jiménez Cuarenta, Abigail
%A Cárdenas Muñoz, Diana
%A Zarabanda, Yuliana
%A Palisoul, Scott M.
%A Lewis, Petra J.
%A Kolling IV, Fred W.
%A Affonso de Oliveira, Jessica Fernanda
%A Steinmetz, Nicole F.
%A Rothstein, Jay L.
%A Lines, Louise
%A Noelle, Randolph J.
%A Fiering, Steven
%A Arias Pulido, Hugo
%T An Abscopal Effect on Lung Metastases in Canine Mammary Cancer Patients Induced by Neoadjuvant Intratumoral Immunotherapy with Cowpea Mosaic Virus Nanoparticles and Anti-Canine PD-1
%D 2024
%U https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/108215
%X Neoadjuvant intratumoral (IT) therapy could amplify the weak responses to checkpoint blockade therapy observed in breast cancer (BC). In this study, we administered neoadjuvant IT anti-canine PD-1 therapy (IT acPD-1) alone or combined with IT cowpea mosaic virus therapy (IT CPMV/acPD-1) to companion dogs diagnosed with canine mammary cancer (CMC), a spontaneous tumor resembling human BC. CMC patients treated weekly with acPD-1 (n = 3) or CPMV/acPD-1 (n = 3) for four weeks or with CPMV/acPD-1 (n = 3 patients not candidates for surgery) for up to 11 weeks did not experience immune-related adverse events. We found that acPD-1 and CPMV/acPD-1 injections resulted in tumor control and a reduction in injected tumors in all patients and in noninjected tumors located in the ipsilateral and contralateral mammary chains of treated dogs. In two metastatic CMC patients, CPMV/acPD-1 treatments resulted in the control and reduction of established lung metastases. CPMV/acPD-1 treatments were associated with altered gene expression related to TLR1-4 signaling and complement pathways. These novel therapies could be effective for CMC patients. Owing to the extensive similarities between CMC and human BC, IT CPMV combined with approved anti-PD-1 therapies could be a novel and effective immunotherapy to treat local BC and suppress metastatic BC.
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