RT Journal Article T1 TEA-Cloud: A Formal Framework for Testing Cloud Computing Systems A1 Núñez Covarrubias, Alberto A1 Cerro Cañizares, Pablo A1 Núñez García, Manuel A1 Hierons, Robert M. AB The validation of a cloud system can be complicated by the size of the system, the number of users that can concurrently request services, and the virtualization used to give the illusion of using dedicated machines. Unfortunately, it is not feasible to use conventional testing methods with cloud systems. This article proposes a framework, called TEA-Cloud, that integrates simulation with testing methods for validating cloud system designs. Testing is applied on both functional and nonfunctional aspects of the cloud, like performance and cost. The aim of the framework is to provide a complete methodology to help users to model both software and hardware parts of cloud systems and automatically test the validity of these clouds using a cost-effective approach. Metamorphic testing is used to overcome the lack of an oracle that checks whether the behavior observed in testing is allowed. Metamorphic testing is based on metamorphic relations (MRs). We define three families of MRs, which target issues such as performance, resource provisioning, and cost. TEA-Cloud was evaluated through an empirical study that used fault seeding (mutation) and ten MRs for testing different cloud configurations. The results were promising, with TEA-Cloud finding all seeded faults. PB IEEE YR 2021 FD 2021-03-01 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/105652 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/105652 LA eng NO Proyecto del MINECO-FEDER "FAME" con referencia RTI2018-093608-B-C31 NO Proyecto de la Comunidad de Madrid "FORTE-CM" con referencia S2018/TCS-4314 NO Madrid Government (Comunidad de Madrid-Spain) under the Multiannual Agreement with the Complutense University as part of the Program to Stimulate Research for Young Doctors in the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation) under grant PR65/19-22452 DS Docta Complutense RD 7 abr 2025