RT Journal Article
T1 Whole-genome sequencing of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile reveals multidrug resistance and virulence genes in strains of environmental and animal origin
A1 Tercero Guerrero, Daniela
A1 Blanco Cancelo, José Luis
A1 Hernández, Marta
A1 Torre Fuentes, Laura
A1 Álvarez Sánchez, Julio
A1 García Sánchez, Marta Eulalia
AB BackgroundClostridioides difficile has been recognized as an emerging pathogen in both humans and animals. In this context, antimicrobial resistance plays a major role in driving the spread of this disease, often leading to therapeutic failure. Moreover, recent increases in community-acquired C. difficile infections have led to greater numbers of investigations into the animal origin of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic similarities between 23 environmental and animal isolates by using whole-genome sequencing and to determine antimicrobial resistance and virulence factor genes in toxigenic C. difficile strains to provide important data for the development of diagnostic methods or treatment guidelines.ResultsThe most common sequence type was ST11 (87%), followed by ST2 (9%) and ST19 (4%). In addition, 86.95% of the strains exhibited multidrug resistance, with antimicrobial resistance to mainly aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracycline and B-lactams; nevertheless, one strain also carried other resistance genes that conferred resistance to lincosamide, macrolides, streptogramin a, streptogramin b, pleuromutilin, oxazolidinone and amphenicol. In addition, a wide range of virulence factor genes, such as those encoding adherence factors, exoenzymes and toxins, were found. However, we observed variations between toxinotypes, ribotypes and sequence types.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrated significant genetic similarity between ST11 strains isolated from environmental sampling and from animal origin; these strains may represent a reservoir for community-acquired C. difficile infection, which is becoming a growing public health threat due to the development of multridug resistant (MDR) bacteria and the number of virulence factors detected.
PB Springer Nature
YR 2024
FD 2024
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/110245
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/110245
LA eng
NO Tercero-Guerrero, D., Blanco, J.L., Hernández, M. et al. Whole-genome sequencing of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile reveals multidrug resistance and virulence genes in strains of environmental and animal origin. BMC Vet Res 20, 479 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04332-0
NO DT-G, JLB, MH, MEG took part in study design. DT-G wrote the first draft. All authors took part in manuscript review and approved the definitive version. Funding: MEG.
NO Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
DS Docta Complutense
RD 11 abr 2025