RT Journal Article T1 Evaluation of Safety and Probiotic Traits from a Comprehensive Genome-Based In Silico Analysis of Ligilactobacillus salivarius P1CEA3, Isolated from Pigs and Producer of Nisin S A1 Sevillano, Ester A1 Lafuente, Irene A1 Peña Vidal, Nuria A1 Cintas Izarra, Luis Miguel A1 Muñoz Atienza, Estefanía A1 Hernández Cruza, Pablo Elpidio A1 Borrero Del Pino, Juan AB Ligilactobacillus salivarius is an important member of the porcine gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Some L. salivarius strains are considered to have a beneficial effect on the host by exerting different probiotic properties, including the production of antimicrobial peptides which help maintain a healthy gut microbiota. L. salivarius P1CEA3, a porcine isolated strain, was first selected and identified by its antimicrobial activity against a broad range of pathogenic bacteria due to the production of the novel bacteriocin nisin S. The assembled L. salivarius P1CEA3 genome includes a circular chromosome, a megaplasmid (pMP1CEA3) encoding the nisin S gene cluster, and two small plasmids. A comprehensive genome-based in silico analysis of the L. salivarius P1CEA3 genome reveals the presence of genes related to probiotic features such as bacteriocin synthesis, regulation and production, adhesion and aggregation, the production of lactic acid, amino acids metabolism, vitamin biosynthesis, and tolerance to temperature, acid, bile salts and osmotic and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the strain is absent of risk-related genes for acquired antibiotic resistance traits, virulence factors, toxic metabolites and detrimental metabolic or enzymatic activities. Resistance to common antibiotics and gelatinase and hemolytic activities have been discarded by in vitro experiments. This study identifies several probiotic and safety traits of L. salivarius P1CEA3 and suggests its potential as a promising probiotic in swine production. PB MDPI SN 2304-8158 YR 2023 FD 2023-12-28 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/103724 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/103724 LA eng NO Sevillano, E.; Lafuente, I.; Peña, N.; Cintas, L.M.; MuñozAtienza, E.; Hernández, P.E.; Borrero, J. Evaluation of Safety and Probiotic Traits from a Comprehensive Genome-Based In Silico Analysis of Ligilactobacillus salivarius P1CEA3, Isolated from Pigs and Producer of Nisin S. Foods 2024, 13, 107. https:// doi.org/10.3390/foods13010107 NO Author Contributions: Conceptualization, E.M.-A., P.E.H. and J.B.; methodology, E.S., N.P., I.L., P.E.H. and J.B.; investigation, E.S., N.P., I.L., E.M.-A. and J.B.; resources, L.M.C., E.M.-A., P.E.H. and J.B.; data curation, E.S., P.E.H. and J.B.; writing—original draft preparation, E.S.; writing—review and editing, P.E.H. and J.B.; supervision, E.M.-A., P.E.H. and J.B.; project administration, J.B.; funding acquisition, L.M.C., P.E.H. and J.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. NO Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) DS Docta Complutense RD 6 oct 2024