RT Journal Article
T1 Biocompatible adipose extracellular matrix and reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for tissue engineering applications
A1 Verstappen, Kest
A1 Klymov, Alexey
A1 Cicuéndez Maroto, Mónica
A1 Da Silva, Daniela M.
A1 Barroca, Nathalie
A1 Fernández San Argimiro, Francisco Javier
A1 Madarieta, Iratxe
A1 Casarrubios Molina, Laura
A1 Feito Castellano, María José
A1 Díez Orejas, Rosalía María
A1 Ferreira, Rita
A1 Leeuwenburgh, Sander C. G.
A1 Portolés Pérez, María Teresa
A1 Marques, Paula A. A. P.
A1 Walboomers, X. Frank
AB Despite the immense need for effective treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI), no successful repair strategy has yet been clinically implemented. Multifunctional biomaterials, based on porcine adipose tissue-derived extracellular matrix (adECM) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), were recently shown to stimulate in vitro neural stem cell growth and differentiation. Nevertheless, their functional performance in clinically more relevant in vivo conditions remains largely unknown. Before clinical application of these adECM-rGO nanocomposites can be considered, a rigorous assessment of the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of these biomaterials is required. For instance, xenogeneic adECM scaffolds could still harbour potential immunogenicity following decellularization. In addition, the toxicity of rGO has been studied before, yet often in experimental settings that do not bear relevance to regenerative medicine. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess both the in vitro as well as in vivo safety of adECM and adECM-rGO scaffolds. First, pulmonary, renal and hepato-cytotoxicity as well as macrophage polarization studies showed that scaffolds were benign in vitro. Then, a laminectomy was performed at the 10th thoracic vertebra, and scaffolds were implanted directly contacting the spinal cord. For a total duration of 6 weeks, animal welfare was not negatively affected. Histological analysis demonstrated the degradation of adECM scaffolds and subsequent tissue remodeling. Graphene-based scaffolds showed a very limited fibrous encapsulation, while rGO sheets were engulfed by foreign body giant cells. Furthermore, all scaffolds were infiltrated by macrophages, which were largely polarized towards a pro-regenerative phenotype. Lastly, organ-specific histopathology and biochemical analysis of blood did not reveal any adverse effects. In summary, both adECM and adECM-rGO implants were biocompatible upon laminectomy while establishing a pro-regenerative microenvironment, which justifies further research on their therapeutic potential for treatment of SCI.
PB Elsevier
SN 2590-0064
YR 2024
FD 2024-04-17
LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/110153
UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/110153
LA eng
NO Kest Verstappen, Alexey Klymov, Mónica Cicuéndez, Daniela M. da Silva, Nathalie Barroca, Francisco-Javier Fernández-San-Argimiro, Iratxe Madarieta, Laura Casarrubios, María José Feito, Rosalía Diez-Orejas, Rita Ferreira, Sander C.G. Leeuwenburgh, María Teresa Portolés, Paula A.A.P. Marques, X. Frank Walboomers, Biocompatible adipose extracellular matrix and reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for tissue engineering applications, Materials Today Bio, Volume 26, 2024, 101059, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101059.
NO European Commission
DS Docta Complutense
RD 21 ene 2026