RT Journal Article T1 Electron confinement in surface states on a stepped gold surface revealed by angle-resolved photoemission A1 Mugarza, A. A1 Mascaraque Susunaga, Arantzazu A1 Perez Dieste, V. A1 Repain, V A1 Rousse, S. A1 Abajo, F. J. García A1 Ortega, J. E. AB STM images show that vicinal Au(788) surfaces are made up or a uniform array of (111)-oriented terraces of similar width (similar to3.8 nm). This uniformity makes it possible to study the electronic Structure of the resulting step superlattice by angle-resolved photoemission. We show that for this terrace array the surface state appears to be broken up into one-dimensional quantum-well levels, indicating total electron confinement within the terraces. The angular resolution allows the probability density of the terrace quantum well state to be mapped in reciprocal space, complementing nicely the wave function measured in real space by STM. PB American Physical Society SN 0031-9007 YR 2001 FD 2001-09-03 LK https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/59407 UL https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/59407 LA eng NO [1] F. J. Himpsel, J. E. Ortega, G. J. Mankey, and R. F. Willis, Adv. Phys. 47, 511 (1998). [2] R. Nötzel and K. H. Ploog, Adv. Mater. 5, 22 (1993); R. Nötzel, Z. Niu, M. Ramsteimer, H. P. Schönherr, A. Trampert, L. Däweritz, and K. H. Ploog, Nature (London) 392, 56 (1998); P. Segovia, D. Purdie, M. Hegsberger, and Y. Baer, Nature (London) 402, 504 (1999). [3] J. E. Ortega, S. Speller, A. Bachmann, A. Mascaraque, E. G. Michel, A. Mugarza, A. Närmann, A. Rubio, and F. J. Himpsel, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 6110 (2000). [4] Ph. Avouris and I.-W. Lyo, Science 264, 942 (1994). [5] L. Bürgi, O. Jeandupeux, A. Hirstein, H. Brune, and K. Kern, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 5370 (1998). [6] X. Y. Wang, X. J. Shen, and R. M. Osgood, Jr., Phys. Rev. B 56, 7665 (1997). [7] F. Baumberger, T. Greber, and J. Osterwalder, Phys. Rev. B 62, 15 431 (2000). [8] J. Viernow, J.-L. Lin, D. Y. Petrovykh, F. M. Leibsle, F. K- Men, and F. J. Himpsel, Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 948 (1998). [9] V. Repain, J. M. Berroir, B. Croset, S. Rousset, Y. Garreau, V. H. Etgens, and L. Lecoeur, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5367 (2000). [10] This is the average of the different values found in the literature, that vary from 0.24 3 me to 0.28 3 me. The most recent photoemission study, S. LaShell, B. A. McDougall, and E. Jensen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3419 (1996), gives 0.25 3me. [11] The data points in Fig. 3 display some random variation within the error bars, which can be interpreted as a narrow bandwidth. From this bandwidth we can estimate an upper limit for the transmission probability across the step barrier using a simple one-dimensional Kronig-Penney model. We obtain a maximum value of |T| = 0.1 and |T| = 0.19 for the first and the second levels, respectively. [12] Our own measurement of E0,flat for Au(111) was also done at 300 K and agrees with the literature. See, for instance, R. Paniago, R. Matzdorf, G. Meister, and A. Goldmann, Surf. Sci. 336, 113 (1995). [13] W. Chen, V. Madhavan, T. Jamneala, and M. F. Crommie, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1469 (1998). [14] F. J. García de Abajo et al. (to be published). 107601-4 1 NO © 2001 The American Physical Society.A. Mu., F. J. G. de A., and J. E. O. are supported by the Universidad del País Vasco (1/UPV/EHU/00057.240-EA-8078/2000) and the Max Planck Research Award Program. V. R. and S. R. are supported by the CNRS-ULTIMATECH program, the CRIF, and the Université de Paris 7. A. Ma. is supported by a Marie Curie Fellowship of the European Union, under Contract No. HPMF-CT-2000-00565. V. P.-D. is supported by the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (Project No. 07N/0042/98) and the DEFICIT (Spain) (Grant No. PB-97-1199). The experiments performed at LURE were funded by the Large Scale Facilities program of the European Union. Critical reading of the manuscript by F. J. Himpsel is acknowledged. Technical support from the Spanish-French beam line staff is gratefully acknowledged. NO Universidad del País Vasco NO CNRS-ULTIMATECH NO CRIF NO Université de Paris 7 NO Marie Curie Fellowship of the European Union NO Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid NO DEFICIT (Spain) NO Max Planck Research Award Program NO Large Scale Facilities program of the European Union DS Docta Complutense RD 2 may 2024