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Superior neutralizing response after first versus second SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in fully vaccinated individuals Rivas Hernández, Gonzalo Labiod Becerro, Nuria Luczkowiak, Joanna Lasala Sánchez, Fátima Rolo, Marta Mancheño Losa, Mikel Rial Crestelo, David Lora-Tamayo Morillo-Velarde, Jaime Pérez Rivilla, José Alfredo Folgueira López, María Dolores Delgado Vázquez, Rafael 616.9 Coronavirus Humoral immunity Neutralization Reinfection SARS coronavirus Vaccines/vaccine strains Enfermedades infecciosas 3205.05 Enfermedades Infecciosas Currently, the majority of the population has been vaccinated against COVID‐19and/or has experienced SARS‐CoV‐2 infection either before or after vaccination.The immunological response to repeated episodes of infections is not completelyclear. We measured SARS‐CoV‐2 specific neutralization titers by a pseudovirusassay after BA.1 infection and RBD‐specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), immuno-globulin A (IgA), and immunoglobulin M (IgM) in a cohort of COVID‐19uninfected and triple vaccinated individuals (breakthrough infection group,BTI) as compared with those previously infected by SARS‐CoV‐2 (reinfectiongroup, REI) who underwent identical vaccination schedule. SARS‐CoV‐2specificneutralizing response after BA.1 infection was significantly higher in the BTIgroup as compared with the REI. Furthermore, neutralization titers in REI werenot significant different from convalescent non reinfected controls. RBD‐specific IgG and IgA, but not IgM, werealso significantly higher in BTI ascompared with REI. Our results show that the first episode of SARS‐CoV‐2infection induces a significant increase inneutralizing titers in triple vaccinatedindividuals and that previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection compromise significantly theneutralization response induced by reinfection, even by divergent SARS‐CoV‐2variants and at least up to 2 years postinfection, suggesting a fundamentallimitation in inducing effective booster through the intranasal route in previouslyinfected individuals European Commission Comunidad de Madrid Instituto de Salud Carlos III (España) Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fundación Caixa‐Health Research Depto. de Medicina Fac. de Medicina TRUE pub APC financiada por la UCM 2024-04-22T07:18:38Z 2024-04-22T07:18:38Z 2023-11 journal article VoR https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/103291 0146-6615 1096-9071 10.1002/jmv.29225 eng info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/HE/101046084 P2022/BMD‐7274 ISCIII/FIS/PI2100989 Project Stop Ebola HR18‐00469 PAII62/21‐ANTICIPA/2021‐23 Rivas G, Labiod N, Luczkowiak J, Lasala F, Rolo M, Mancheño-Losa M, Rial-Crestelo D, Lora-Tamayo J, Pérez-Rivilla A, Folgueira MD, Delgado R. Superior neutralizing response after first versus second SARS-CoV-2 infection in fully vaccinated individuals. J Med Virol. 2023 Nov;95(11):e29225. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29225 Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ open access application/pdf Wiley