2026-06-28T15:00:04Zhttps://docta.ucm.es/rest/oai/request
oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1058242025-09-05T17:49:19Zcom_20.500.14352_14col_20.500.14352_15
Docta Complutense author Rodríguez Llorente, Diego author García Fernández de la Puente, Enrique author García Rodríguez, Juan author Larriba Martínez, Marcos 2024-07-08T17:32:46Z 2024-07-08T17:32:46Z 2023 Diego Rodríguez-Llorente, Enrique García-Fernández de la Puente, Juan García, Marcos Larriba, Novel approach for azole fungicides extraction from aqueous environments using terpenes and eutectic solvents, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Volume 11, Issue 5, 2023, 110562, ISSN 2213-3437, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2023.110562 2213-3437 10.1016/j.jece.2023.110562 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/105824 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2023.110562 https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-environmental-chemical-engineering The presence of azole fungicides in aquatic environments is a significant issue due to their toxicity and persistence related to a low removal of these compounds by conventional processes in wastewater treatment plants. A growing environmental public concern is reflected in the inclusion of these compounds in the 2020 and 2022 European Surface Water Watch Lists. Therefore, it is necessary to develop efficient processes that allow their removal sustainably. This work applies liquid-liquid extraction using terpenes as green solvents and terpene-based eutectic solvents to remove azole fungicides from aqueous streams imazalil, metconozale, penconazole, prochloraz, and tebuconazole. First, an initial screening was performed by molecular simulation using the COSMO-RS method. The selected solvents were applied in the individual extraction of azole fungicides, and selecting the solvents thymol+octanoic acid and carvacrol. These solvents have been tested in studies with surface water matrix on the effect of temperature, initial concentration, and pH on extraction performance. From these results, it has been shown that carvacrol is the solvent that is least affected by these variables and obtains extraction yields higher than 97.88%, with a Solvent/Feed ratio up to 0.050, outperforming the conventional solvent methyl isobutyl ketone. This solvent has been used in solvent reuse cycles obtaining a reduction of less than 1% in three extraction cycles. Therefore, carvacrol is presented as a sustainable solvent for the extraction of azole fungicides from aqueous environments. eng Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Novel approach for azole fungicides extraction from aqueous environments using terpenes and eutectic solvents journal article 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 URL https://docta.ucm.es/bitstreams/343bce5e-6b66-4c54-993d-4e0cbc1cd04b/download File MD5 eafc1a5aad532347260edbbec7e278be 1420474 application/pdf Novel approach for azole fungicides.pdf URL https://docta.ucm.es/bitstreams/f6199bf6-0c31-48e5-87d0-b52e31638e71/download File MD5 2d7a9765f938fb140ab4f6e62febec56 73327 text/plain Novel approach for azole fungicides.pdf.txt