<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-06-08T03:08:33Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/113107" metadataPrefix="mets">https://docta.ucm.es/rest/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/113107</identifier><datestamp>2025-03-18T12:02:37Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_20.500.14352_14</setSpec><setSpec>col_20.500.14352_20</setSpec></header><metadata><mets xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/METS/" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" ID="&#xa;&#x9;&#x9;&#x9;&#x9;DSpace_ITEM_20.500.14352-113107" TYPE="DSpace ITEM" PROFILE="DSpace METS SIP Profile 1.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/METS/ http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/mets.xsd" OBJID="&#xa;&#x9;&#x9;&#x9;&#x9;hdl:20.500.14352/113107">
   <metsHdr CREATEDATE="2026-06-08T05:08:33Z">
      <agent ROLE="CUSTODIAN" TYPE="ORGANIZATION">
         <name>Docta Complutense</name>
      </agent>
   </metsHdr>
   <dmdSec ID="DMD_20.500.14352_113107">
      <mdWrap MDTYPE="MODS">
         <xmlData xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-1.xsd">
            <mods:mods xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-1.xsd">
               <mods:name>
                  <mods:role>
                     <mods:roleTerm type="text">author</mods:roleTerm>
                  </mods:role>
                  <mods:namePart>Ciesielkiewicz, Monika Anna</mods:namePart>
               </mods:name>
               <mods:extension>
                  <mods:dateAccessioned encoding="iso8601">2024-12-20T08:57:49Z</mods:dateAccessioned>
               </mods:extension>
               <mods:extension>
                  <mods:dateAvailable encoding="iso8601">2024-12-20T08:57:49Z</mods:dateAvailable>
               </mods:extension>
               <mods:originInfo>
                  <mods:dateIssued encoding="iso8601">2012-07-09</mods:dateIssued>
               </mods:originInfo>
               <mods:identifier type="citation">Contrastive Grammar as a Learning Strategy. En Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Language, Literature &amp; Linguistics (pp. 120-125). Ed. Global Science &amp; Technology Forum, 2012. DOI: 10.5176/2251-3566_L312128</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="doi">10.5176/2251-3566_l312128</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="uri">https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/113107</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="officialurl">https://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3566_l312128</mods:identifier>
               <mods:identifier type="relatedurl">https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/04h71bij12faje3619yru/L32012-P24.pdf?rlkey=cwl512rj1uey71e0iptxuqwp1&amp;e=1&amp;dl=0https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269204792_CONTRASTIVE_GRAMMAR_AS_A_LEARNING_STRATEGY</mods:identifier>
               <mods:abstract>Contrastive grammar is an excellent strategy that can accelerate the learning of new concepts by using previous knowledge. It is a very effective tool for both teaching as well as learning a foreign language. The following article aims to demonstrate how contrastive grammar has been and continues to be pertinent, and is being increasingly used as an effective learning strategy in many foreign language textbooks. Likewise, this study proves that contrastive linguistics in its current form can be used for important didactic objectives as evidenced by its noteworthy place in the writing of said texts.</mods:abstract>
               <mods:language>
                  <mods:languageTerm authority="rfc3066">eng</mods:languageTerm>
               </mods:language>
               <mods:accessCondition type="useAndReproduction">Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International</mods:accessCondition>
               <mods:titleInfo>
                  <mods:title>Contrastive grammar as a learning strategy</mods:title>
               </mods:titleInfo>
               <mods:genre>conference paper</mods:genre>
            </mods:mods>
         </xmlData>
      </mdWrap>
   </dmdSec>
   <amdSec ID="TMD_20.500.14352_113107">
      <rightsMD ID="RIG_20.500.14352_113107">
         <mdWrap MIMETYPE="text/plain" MDTYPE="OTHER" OTHERMDTYPE="DSpaceDepositLicense">
            <binData>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</binData>
         </mdWrap>
      </rightsMD>
   </amdSec>
   <amdSec ID="FO_20.500.14352_113107_2">
      <techMD ID="TECH_O_20.500.14352_113107_2">
         <mdWrap MDTYPE="PREMIS">
            <xmlData xmlns:premis="http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/PREMIS-v1-0.xsd">
               <premis:premis>
                  <premis:object>
                     <premis:objectIdentifier>
                        <premis:objectIdentifierType>URL</premis:objectIdentifierType>
                        <premis:objectIdentifierValue>https://docta.ucm.es/bitstreams/bfdc6dfa-2d8b-4a75-babf-c1de3775dff3/download</premis:objectIdentifierValue>
                     </premis:objectIdentifier>
                     <premis:objectCategory>File</premis:objectCategory>
                     <premis:objectCharacteristics>
                        <premis:fixity>
                           <premis:messageDigestAlgorithm>MD5</premis:messageDigestAlgorithm>
                           <premis:messageDigest>53c549a389d036953bff2e89e26d47cb</premis:messageDigest>
                        </premis:fixity>
                        <premis:size>973953</premis:size>
                        <premis:format>
                           <premis:formatDesignation>
                              <premis:formatName>application/pdf</premis:formatName>
                           </premis:formatDesignation>
                        </premis:format>
                     </premis:objectCharacteristics>
                     <premis:originalName>Contrastive Grammar as a Strategy_Monika Ciesielkiewicz.pdf</premis:originalName>
                  </premis:object>
               </premis:premis>
            </xmlData>
         </mdWrap>
      </techMD>
   </amdSec>
   <amdSec ID="FT_20.500.14352_113107_5">
      <techMD ID="TECH_T_20.500.14352_113107_5">
         <mdWrap MDTYPE="PREMIS">
            <xmlData xmlns:premis="http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/PREMIS-v1-0.xsd">
               <premis:premis>
                  <premis:object>
                     <premis:objectIdentifier>
                        <premis:objectIdentifierType>URL</premis:objectIdentifierType>
                        <premis:objectIdentifierValue>https://docta.ucm.es/bitstreams/1f930a47-d206-4494-9fda-32e1a2a659c3/download</premis:objectIdentifierValue>
                     </premis:objectIdentifier>
                     <premis:objectCategory>File</premis:objectCategory>
                     <premis:objectCharacteristics>
                        <premis:fixity>
                           <premis:messageDigestAlgorithm>MD5</premis:messageDigestAlgorithm>
                           <premis:messageDigest>a643f94f5fef4a6682cafa80b949ed35</premis:messageDigest>
                        </premis:fixity>
                        <premis:size>42</premis:size>
                        <premis:format>
                           <premis:formatDesignation>
                              <premis:formatName>text/plain</premis:formatName>
                           </premis:formatDesignation>
                        </premis:format>
                     </premis:objectCharacteristics>
                     <premis:originalName>Contrastive Grammar as a Strategy_Monika Ciesielkiewicz.pdf.txt</premis:originalName>
                  </premis:object>
               </premis:premis>
            </xmlData>
         </mdWrap>
      </techMD>
   </amdSec>
   <fileSec>
      <fileGrp USE="ORIGINAL">
         <file ID="BITSTREAM_ORIGINAL_20.500.14352_113107_2" MIMETYPE="application/pdf" SEQ="2" SIZE="973953" CHECKSUM="53c549a389d036953bff2e89e26d47cb" CHECKSUMTYPE="MD5" ADMID="FO_20.500.14352_113107_2" GROUPID="GROUP_BITSTREAM_20.500.14352_113107_2">
            <FLocat LOCTYPE="URL" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://docta.ucm.es/bitstreams/bfdc6dfa-2d8b-4a75-babf-c1de3775dff3/download"/>
         </file>
      </fileGrp>
      <fileGrp USE="TEXT">
         <file ID="BITSTREAM_TEXT_20.500.14352_113107_5" MIMETYPE="text/plain" SEQ="5" SIZE="42" CHECKSUM="a643f94f5fef4a6682cafa80b949ed35" CHECKSUMTYPE="MD5" ADMID="FT_20.500.14352_113107_5" GROUPID="GROUP_BITSTREAM_20.500.14352_113107_5">
            <FLocat LOCTYPE="URL" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://docta.ucm.es/bitstreams/1f930a47-d206-4494-9fda-32e1a2a659c3/download"/>
         </file>
      </fileGrp>
   </fileSec>
   <structMap LABEL="DSpace Object" TYPE="LOGICAL">
      <div TYPE="DSpace Object Contents" ADMID="DMD_20.500.14352_113107">
         <div TYPE="DSpace BITSTREAM">
            <fptr FILEID="BITSTREAM_ORIGINAL_20.500.14352_113107_2"/>
         </div>
      </div>
   </structMap>
</mets></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>