2026-06-29T02:43:20Zhttps://docta.ucm.es/rest/oai/request

oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1188102025-03-18T12:36:38Zcom_20.500.14352_14col_20.500.14352_15

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc De la Cuesta Torrado, María author Velloso Alvarez, Ana author Santiago Llorente, Isabel author Armengou, Lara author Nieto, Federico author Ríos, José author Cruz López, Fátima author Cunilleras, Eduard Jose author 2025 Background: Equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (EHM) is a persistent threat to horses, with unclear risk factors and disease severity. Objectives: To evaluate risk factors, effective reproduction rate (Rt), and long-term athletic outcomes of an EHM outbreak. Methods: Retrospective study of the 2021 EHM outbreak in Valencia, Spain, examining associations between risk factors (sex, age, breed, country of origin, and vaccination status) and case fatality rate, EHM development, and odds of returning to competition using odds ratios [95% CI] and Rt via the Robert Kochs Institute method. Results: Among 191 horses, 38 (20%) were clinically normal, 13 (7%) were subclinical, and 140 (73%) presented clinical signs (89 EHM, 64%). One hundred sixty horses were isolated at the show, while 47 were treated in hospitals. The mean age was 9.8 ± 3.0 years; 85 (45%) were mares, 79 (41%) geldings, and 27 (14%) stallions. The EHM case fatality rate was 11/89 (12%). Vaccination was associated with EHM development (4.54[2.23-9.27]; OR[95% CI]; p < 0.001) and case fatality rate (3.9[1.1-14.4]; OR[95% CI]; p < 0.043). EHV-1-infected horses without EHM were more likely to return to competition (54/61; 89%) than those recovering from EHM (65/89; 73%; p = 0.024). It was initially 4.2 and decreased to < 1 within 2 weeks of the outbreak. Conclusions: During the 2021 EHV-1 outbreak in Valencia, vaccination status appears to be associated with EHM development. Horses recovering from EHM had slightly lower chances of returning to competition than those shedding EHV-1 without EHM. The high Rt value underscores the contagious nature of EHV-1. de la Cuesta-Torrado, M., Velloso Alvarez, A., Santiago-Llorente, I., Armengou, L., Nieto, F., Ríos, J., Cruz-López, F., & Jose-Cunilleras, E. (2025). Risk Factors and Long-Term Outcomes in Horses After the 2021 Outbreak of Equine Herpesvirus 1 Myeloencephalopathy, Valencia, Spain. Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 39(2), e70040. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70040 0891-6640 10.1111/jvim.70040 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/118810 1939-1676 https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70040 40055829 Risk Factors and Long‐Term Outcomes in Horses After the 2021 Outbreak of Equine Herpesvirus 1 Myeloencephalopathy, Valencia, Spain