2026-06-27T23:12:35Zhttps://docta.ucm.es/rest/oai/request

oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1229042025-07-30T23:52:27Zcom_20.500.14352_14col_20.500.14352_15

Gallego, David García Herrera, Ricardo Francisco Tomety, Folly Serge Álvarez-Castro, M. Carmen Peña-Ortiz, Cristina 2025-07-30T11:14:32Z 2025-07-30T11:14:32Z 2025 Gallego, D., García-Herrera, R., Tomety, F. S., Álvarez-Castro, M. C., & Peña-Ortiz, C. (2025). Historical record of upwelling-favorable winds in Southern Benguela 1833–2014. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 8(1), 36. 2397-3722 10.1038/s41612-025-00925-0 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/122904 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00925-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41612-025-00925-0 As a result of the high volume of maritime traffic along the coasts of Namibia and western South Africa, mariners recorded numerous in-situ wind observations since early times. Many of these historical data are currently available through the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS). Here, we make use of these historical data to develop an instrumental index for the characterization of the upwelling-favorable winds over the southern Benguela Upwelling System from 1833 to 2014. Our results suggest that upwelling in this region has increased since the mid-1980s, in good agreement with previous research. However, when the entire period is considered, our index does not evidence a long-term trend but a multidecadal variability with an oscillation period between 20 and 30 years. We found a significant influence of ENSO exerted through the modulation of the position of the South Atlantic high-pressure system. However, this teleconnection may be highly non-stationary. eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ open access Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Historical record of upwelling-favorable winds in Southern Benguela 1833–2014 journal article