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Spolia and Classical Revivals in Legitimacy Discourses: From Cordoba to the Mamluk Mosques of Cairo Calvo Capilla, Susana Maria Marcos Cobaleda In 1267–1269, the first Mamluk sultan al-Ẓāhir Baybarṣ ordered the construction of a great Friday mosque in Cairo. Its formal and typological features inspired by the Syrian architecture established a symbolic connection with the classic Islamic caliphates (Umayyad and Abbasid) to strengthen and legitimise his sovereignty over Egypt and Syria. In 1335, Sultan al-Nāṣir Muḥammad ibn Qalāwūn (d.1341) reconstructed the great mosque of the citadel of Cairo following Baybarṣ’ model. The revival of the hypostyle prayer hall, the association of dome plus basilica, as well as the use of glass-mosaics and spolia materials are some of the visual strategies and sources of self-affirmation analysed in this chapter in the light of previous practice in the tenth century in al-Andalus Umayyad caliphate. 2025-10-28T11:46:49Z 2025-10-28T11:46:49Z 2025-10-28T11:46:49Z 2021 book part https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/125462 XXXX-XXXX 10.1007/978-3-030-53366-3 eng Mediterranean Perspectives info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-093880-B-I00/ES/AL-ANDALUS, ARTE, CIENCIA Y CONTEXTOS EN UN MEDITERRANEO ABIERTO. DE OCCIDENTE A EGIPTO Y SIRIA/ Calvo Capilla, S. (2021). Spolia and Classical Revivals in Legitimacy Discourses: From Cordoba to the Mamluk Mosques of Cairo. In: Marcos Cobaleda, M. (eds) Artistic and Cultural Dialogues in the Late Medieval Mediterranean. Mediterranean Perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ restricted access Attribution 4.0 International spain and Egypt Palgrave Macmillan