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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Esquivias Motta, Elvira author Martín Malo, Alejandro author Buendía, Paula author Álvarez Lara, María A. author Soriano, Sagrario author Crespo, Rodolfo author Carracedo Añón, Julia María author Ramírez, Rafael author Aljama, Pedro author 2016-05 Hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion (HFR) after ultrafiltrate passage through a resin cartridge combines adsorption, convection, and diffusion. Our prospective single-center crossover study compared HFR and online-hemodiafiltration (OLHDF) effects on two uremic toxins and 13 inflammatory, endothelial status, or oxidative stress markers. After an 8-week run-in period of high-flux hemodialysis, 17 eligible stable dialysis patients (median age 65 years, 10 male) without overt clinical inflammation were scheduled for four 8-week periods in the sequence: HFR/OLHDF/HFR/OLHDF. Relative to OLHDF, HFR was associated with greater indoxyl sulfate removal and lesser abnormalities in all other study variables, namely circulating interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, proportions of activated proinflammatory (CD14+CD16+, CD14++CD16+) monocytes, endothelial progenitor cells, apoptotic endothelial microparticles, vascular endothelial growth factor, vascular cellular adhesion molecule, angiopoietins 2 and 1, annexin V, and superoxide dismutase. Differences were significant (P < 0.05) in median values of 13/15 variables. Study period comparisons were generally consistent with dialysis technique comparisons, as were data from the subgroup completing all study periods (n = 9). Our investigation provides hypothesis-generating results suggesting that compared with OLHDF, HFR improves protein-bound toxin removal, inflammatory and endothelial status, and oxidative stress. Esquivias-Motta E, Martín-Malo A, Buendia P, Álvarez-Lara MA, Soriano S, Crespo R, Carracedo J, Ramírez R, Aljama P. Hemodiafiltration With Endogenous Reinfusion Improved Microinflammation and Endothelial Damage Compared With Online-Hemodiafiltration: A Hypothesis Generating Study: Thoughts and Progress. Artificial Organs 2017;41:88–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.12704. 0160-564X 10.1111/aor.12704 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/131224 1525-1594 https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.12704 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aor.12704 Hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion improved microinflammation and endothelial damage compared with online-hemodiafiltration: a hypothesis generating study